高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀理解基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練[打包6套]1.zip
高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀理解基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練[打包6套]1.zip,打包6套,高考,英語,一輪,復(fù)習(xí),閱讀,理解,基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練,打包
江蘇金湖縣2017高考英語閱讀理解一輪基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練
2016高考模擬題。閱讀理解。
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。
Going on holiday not only makes you feel good while you're there --- you gain the health benefits for months, new research shows.
Jetting off to exotic destinations such as the Maldives cuts your blood pressure, helps you sleep better and bounce back from stress, it found. The benefits last at least a fortnight longer than the vacation and can be felt for months in some cases where it is claimed. Experts say workers should always take their full holiday entitlement each year --- as many as one in three don’t --- to get the benefits.
The study compared key health markers in holidaymakers visiting Thailand, Peru or the Maldives, with people who stayed at home and continued working. The average blood pressure of those on holiday dropped by six percent while the workers saw their blood pressure rise by two percent over the same period. The sleep quality of holidaymakers improved by 17 percent while that of the non-holidaymakers deteriorated by 14 percent.
The study also found the ability of vacationers to recover from stress --- known as the stress-resilience test --- improved by 29 percent. There was a 71 percent fall in stress resilience scores among workers. Tests showed a fall in blood glucose levels, reducing the risk of diabetes, trimmer waistlines and enhanced mood and energy levels, with the effects sustained for at least two weeks after returning home.
The Holiday Health Experiment was conducted by tour operator Kuoni and Nuffield Health, the UK’s largest healthcare charity.
1.. According to the passage, how many people go on holiday?
A. One third. B. Two thirds. C. 17 percent. D. A quarter.
2.. Which of the following can we infer from the passage?
A. The further you go, the better the benefits.
B. Most people like to stay at home during the holiday.
C. Holiday makers are more adaptable than non-holidaymakers.
D. The result of the study is mostly based on the description from the people involved.
3.. The author intends to tell us that __________.
A. we have to go on holiday as much as possible
B. you’ll certainly get depressed if you don’t go on holiday
C. it is best to go to foreign countries like Maldives
D. we had better go on holiday for the benefit of health
4.. The best title of the passage is ________ .
A. Health Benefits from Holiday
B. A Holiday Health Experiment
C. Health Problems of Having Holiday
D. Key Health Markers in Holidaymakers
1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Experts say workers should always take their full holiday entitlement each year --- as many as one in three don’t --- to get the benefits.2/1的人去度假，故選B。
2.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)Jetting off to exotic destinations such as the Maldives cuts your blood pressure, helps you sleep better and bounce back from stress, it found.可以推出度假的人比不度假人更具有適應(yīng)性，因為緩解了壓力和度假有利于身體健康，故選C。
3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Going on holiday not only makes you feel good while you're there --- you gain the health benefits for months,為了身體的健康我們最好去度假，故選D。
4..A標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文的內(nèi)容旅游帶來了身體的健康，故選A。
[2014·百校聯(lián)盟沖刺卷]
I was living in Sao Paulo, Brazil. It is a huge city, with more people living in it than in my whole country (Hungary，which has a population of 10 million). We rented a flat in a community, but there was a shanty town(貧民區(qū))quite near.
For several months I didn't have a car, so three times a week, I used public transportation to go to the city centre.During these trips, I would ride with the people who took the same bus from the shanty town to go to work.
When I got on the bus, all the seats were already taken.But when people saw that my bag was heavy (full of books), they offered to hold it on their lap to make me feel lighter. At first, I was shocked. Then I realized that these people had absolutely no intention to steal from me: they only wanted to help.
Once, on my way back, I had to wait for a long time at a bus stop. I was alone, except for a woman who was apparently very poor. She carried a small paper bag of popcorn and nothing else.
While we were waiting, she walked over and offered me some popcorn. I thanked her, but didn't want to help myself to it. She then repeatedly insisted that I take from what was evidently her only food.
That was the first time I thought about how people who have almost nothing, are sometimes able to share what they have much more “easily” than those who own a lot.I wonder if it's true that the more you have, the bigger the burden is，and the more difficult to share anything with others.
I was so moved by that woman's simple generosity that day. I clearly had more than she did, but she naturally and joyfully shared what she had with me nevertheless.
1．Where did the author live?
A. In Hungary.
B. In the centre of Sao Paulo.
C. In a shanty town of Sao Paulo.
D. In a community near to a shanty town.
2．Why the author were shocked when people offered to help carry his heavy bag at first?
A. Because they would borrow his important books.
B. Because he hadn't met this kind of things.
C. Because they weren't familiar with him
D. Because he thought they would steal his books.
3．What happened at the bus stop on the author's way home?
A. A poor woman ate popcorn without inviting him.
B. A poor woman insisted on sharing her popcorn with him.
C. He offered a poor woman some popcorn to eat.
D. He provided his books to a poor woman to read.
4．From the passage，we know that________.
A．sharing things with rich people brings opportunities to earn money
B．people who have almost nothing must be the most generous people
C．sharing things with other people doesn't depend on whether you are rich or poor
D．people who own a lot must be the most generous people
[文章大意] 本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者在巴西的圣保羅生活時，遇見的那些善良的人和那些感人的事情。
1．D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“I was living in Sao Paulo, Brazil.”和“We rented a flat in a community, but there was a shanty town(貧民區(qū))quite near.”可知，作者居住在巴西圣保羅的一個社區(qū)，但離一個貧民區(qū)很近。
2．D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Then I realized that these people had absolutely no intention to steal from me：they only wanted to help.”我意識到這些人完全沒有要偷我的東西的意圖，他們只是想幫助我?？芍?，作者剛開始感到震驚是因為他誤解了這些人，以為他們要偷他的書。
3．B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段中的“She then repeatedly insisted that I take from what was evidently her only food.”可知答案選B項。
4．C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，尤其是最后兩段可知，與別人分享東西，與貧富無關(guān)。故選C項。
閱讀理解
Technology has been an encouragement of historical change. It acted as such a force in England beginning in the eighteenth century, and across the entire Western World in the nineteenth. Rapid advances were made in the use of scientific findings in the manufacture (制造) of goods, which has changed ideas about work. One of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power. Along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time. People also developed machines that could produce the same parts for a product: each nail was exactly like every other nail, meaning that each nail could be changed for every other nail. This means that goods could be mass production, although mass production required breaking production down into smaller and smaller tasks.
Workers no longer started on the product and labored to complete it. Instead, they might work only one thousandth of it, other workers completing their own parts in certain order. There is nothing strange about this manufacturing work by today's standards. Highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the new production techniques, as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand. But the skilled worker wasn't the only loser, the common workers lost too. Similar changes forced farmer away. The increased mechanization (機(jī)械化) of agriculture freed masses of workers from ploughing the land and harvesting its crops. They had little choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers. Increasingly, standards were set by machines. Workers no longer owned their own tools, their skill was no longer valued, and pride in their work was no longer possible. Workers fed, looked after and repaired the machines that could work faster than humans at greatly reduced cost.
1. In this passage, which of the following is NOT considered as a change caused by the use of scientific findings in the production of goods?
A. Other forms of energy have taken the place of human power.
B. The increased exploitation of workers in the 19th century.
C. The increased use of machines to make products in less time.
D. The use of machines producing parts of the same standard.
答案解析：答案為B。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章的第一段 “One of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power. Along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time. People also developed machines that could produce the same parts for a product:” 可知，A、C、D都在文中提到了。故答案為B。
2. According to the writer, highly skilled workers ______
A. completely disappeared with the coming of the factory system
B. were dismissed by the boss
C. were unable to produce goods of high standard
D. were unable to produce fine goods at that same speed as machines
答案解析：答案為D。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章第二段 “Highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the new production techniques, as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand.” 可知，機(jī)器批量生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)高，數(shù)量多，這是手工生產(chǎn)無法匹敵的。故答案為D。
3. According to the passage, what did the farmers have to do with the coming of mechanization of agriculture?
A. Many of them had to leave their farmland for industrial centers.
B. They stuck to their farm work.
C. They refused to use machines.
D They did their best to learn how to use the machines.
答案解析：答案為A。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。從第二段的倒數(shù)第四句話 “They had little choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers.” 可知，答案為A。
閱讀理解-----B
The earth's most rich resource—water has become one of the most precious resources in the United States as rivers, lakes, and freshwater reservoirs are increasingly exploited for human use. Consequently, using precise farming techniques to refine “irrigation scheduling” is a research area of particular interest to Susan Moran, a researcher with the US department of Agriculture. She explains that in the southwest, irrigation is both difficult and expensive. There, she says, farmers have a tendency to over irrigate, spending both more time and money than necessary.
“I'm trying to provide new information that could be used by farmers to schedule irrigations to improve their profitability and use less water,” Moran says. “Farmers often look at weather changes and then schedule irrigation based on that information. But if they had better information, they could use scientific models to compute more precisely how much water their crop is using.”
Rather than guessing their crop's potential need for water based upon weather
changes, farmers can use remote sensors to measure how much water their crop is actually using. This would give them a more accurate measure of how much more water it needs.
Moran believes that if farmers are getting good and timely measurements of plant and air temperature, then they can program when and how much water to give each crop through an irrigation system. No more water would be used than needed, thus saving cost and conserving water.
Moran introduces one study she conducted in Arizona to investigate the use of remote sensing data for scheduling cotton irrigations. Typically, those farmers irrigate ten times per growing season, but evidence showed that some of those farmers could achieve basically the same harvest with only nine irrigations.
“In those cases, one less irrigation saved more than all the cost of remote sensing data，” she states. “Both irrigation and satellite remote sensing data are expensive. But then again many farmers are used to working together as a group. They are used to sharing. I'm hoping they could do the same with remote sensing data—purchase one scene over a large area to cover many farms, which would further reduce the cost.”
1. What does Moran think is the problem with farmers?
A. Over-used reservoirs. B. Precision farming.
C. Irrigation researches. D. Over-irrigation.
答案解析：答案為D。 由第一段最后一句話 “… farmers have a tendency to over irrigate, spending both more time and money than necessary.” 可知，答案為D。
2. How can farmers get the new information about their crop?
A. To reschedule irrigation as required.
B. To watch weather changes regularly.
C. To use remote sensors as researchers suggest.
D. To use scientific models since computing is more reliable.
答案解析：答案為C。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。從第三段 “…farmers can use remote sensors to measure how much water their crop is actually using.” 可知答案為C。本題容易錯選D項。題干問的是 “農(nóng)民如何得到關(guān)于莊稼的新信息？” 從第二段最后一句話 “But if they had better information, they could use scientific models to compute more precisely how much water their crop is using.” 可知，農(nóng)民如果有了更好的信息可以使用scientific models。故答案D錯誤。
3. What do farmers check upon when they decide how much water each crop needs?
A. Profitability. B. Remote sensors.
C. The cost. D. Air temperature.
答案解析：答案為D。本題為細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第四段 “Moran believes that if farmers are getting good and timely measurements of plant and air temperature, then they can program when and how much water to give each crop through an irrigation system.”可知，農(nóng)民依靠準(zhǔn)確及時地測量植物和空氣溫度，來決定給每種莊稼配給相應(yīng)的水分。 故答案為D。
4. What's the purpose of Moran introducing the study she carried out in Arizona?
A. To investigate the use of remote sensing data.
B. To support her viewpoint in the previous paragraph.
C. To show how farmers can reap a harvest.
D. To criticize those farmers who used too much water.
答案解析：答案為A。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。由倒數(shù)第二段首句 “Moran introduces one study she conducted in Arizona to investigate the use of remote sensing data for scheduling cotton irrigations.”可知，答案為A。
5. What is among the best possible ways to help save farmers' money?
A. Changing irrigation. B. Sharing sensing data.
C. Buying one computer. D. Extending the farms.
答案解析：答案為B。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。由最后一段 ““Both irrigation and satellite remote sensing data are expensive. But then again many farmers are used to working together as a group. They are used to sharing.” 可知，答案為B。
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