高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀理解[打包7套]1.zip

高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀理解[打包7套]1.zip,打包7套,高考,英語,一輪,復(fù)習(xí),閱讀,理解,打包 廣西藤縣2017高考英語閱讀理解一輪基礎(chǔ)練習(xí) 閱讀理解訓(xùn)練 (2015·江西省上饒市三模) When Abraham Lincoln was young, he worked in a store. One day a woman came into the store and bought some things. They added up to two dollars and six and a quarter cents. The bill was paid, and the woman was entirely satisfied. But the young storekeeper, not feeling quite sure as to the accuracy of his calculations, added up the things again. To his surprise he found that it should have been but two dollars. “ I've made her pay six and a quarter cents more, ”said Abe, disturbed. It was an unimportant thing, and many clerks would have forgotten it, but Abe was too conscientious for that. “ The money must be paid back, ”he decided. At night, he closed the store, and walked to the home of his customer. He explained the matter, paid over the six and a quarter cents, and returned satisfied. Here is another story of young Lincoln's strict honesty. A woman entered the store and asked for half a pound of tea. The young clerk weighed it out. This was the last sale of the day. The next morning, when beginning his duties, Abe discovered a four-ounce weight on the scales. It flashed upon him at once that he had used this in the sale of the previous night, and so, of course, given his customers short weight. I am afraid that there are many country merchants who would not have been much worried by this discovery. But Abe weighed out the balance of the half pound, shut up the store, and carried it to the defrauded customer. I think my young readers will begin to see that the name so often given, in later times to President Lincoln, of “Honest Old Abe, ”was well deserved. A man who begins by strict honesty in his youth is not likely to change as he grows older, and mercantile honesty is some guarantee of political honesty. 文章大意：本文是小故事。文章主要講述了亞伯拉罕·林肯小時候的誠實守信的故事。 1．We know from the text that Abe ________. A．charged less for the woman B．tricked the woman on purpose C．was careful and responsible D．was confident of his calculations 答案：C　推理判斷題。charged less for the woman少收那位婦女的錢；tricked the woman on purpose故意糊弄了那位婦女；was careful and responsible認真而且有責(zé)任心；was confident of his calculations對他的計算很有信心。根據(jù)文章中敘述的兩個故事以及文中的最后一段推斷選C。 2．From the underlined sentence, we can see that the author ________. A．speak highly of Abraham Lincoln B．learns how to succeed in the political field C．comes to understand the importance of honesty D．hopes to give readers some personal suggestions 答案：A　推理判斷題。speak highly of Abraham Lincoln高度贊揚林肯； learns how to succeed in the political field學(xué)會了如何在政治領(lǐng)域成功；comes to understand the importance of honesty漸漸理解了誠實的重要性；hopes to give readers some personal suggestions希望給讀者提出自己的建議。通讀全文，根據(jù)該畫線句前的I think my young readers will begin to see that the name so often given, in later times to President Lincoln, of “Honest Old Abe, ”was well deserved可推斷作者是對林肯行為的高度贊揚。故選A。 3．What does the author mainly intend to tell us? A．Better late than never. B．Honesty is the best policy. C．A good name is better than gold. D．Where there is a will there is a way. 答案：B　推理判斷題。Better late than never再晚不嫌遲； Honesty is the best policy誠實是最好的策略； A good name is better than gold好名聲比金子更重要； Where there is a will there is a way有志者事竟成。根據(jù)文章敘述的兩個故事和最后一段作者對林肯行為的高度贊揚，作者應(yīng)該是想告訴我們：誠實是最好的策略。故選B。 [史地自然型閱讀理解(一)]-----(一) The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place.Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes. For thousands of years，Polynesian people lived in the remote island of Nauru，far from western civilization.The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798.He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship.He called the island Pleasant Island. However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first.The whaling ships and other traders began to visit，bringing guns and alcohol.These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island.A tenyear civil war started，which reduced the population from 1，400 to 900. Nauru's real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate(磷酸鹽)on the island.In fact，it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate，which was a very important fertilizer for farming.The company began mining the phosphate. A phosphate mine was not a hole in the ground；it was a strip mine.When a company stripmined，it removed the top layer of soil.Then it took away the material it wanted.Strip mining totally destroyed the land.Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon. In 1968，Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world.Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate. Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.By 2000，Nauru was financially ruined.Experts say that it would take approximately$433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never happen. 1．What might be the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To seek help for Nauru's problems. B．To give a warning to other countries. C．To show the importance of money. D．To tell a heartbreaking story of a war. 2．What was Nauru like before the Europeans came? A．Rich and powerful. B．Modern and open. C．Peaceful and attractive. D．Greedy and aggressive. 3．The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from________． A．soil pollution B．phosphate overmining C．farming activity D．whale hunting 4．Which of the following was a cause of Nauru's financial problem? A．Its leaders misused the money. B．It spent too much repairing the island. C．Its phosphate mining cost much money. D．It lost millions of dollars in the civil war. 5．What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph? A．The ecological damage is difficult to repair. B．The leaders will take the experts' words seriously. C．The island was abandoned by the Nauruans. D．The phosphate mines were destroyed. (一) 【要點綜述】文章主要講述了太平洋島國瑙魯如何從一個環(huán)境優(yōu)美的天堂島變成一個生態(tài)失衡、滿目瘡痍的小島。 1．B　 寫作意圖題。由文章第一段的“Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.”可以看出，作者的目的是給當前很多只注重發(fā)展經(jīng)濟而忽略環(huán)境保護的國家一個警告。故選B項。 2. C　細節(jié)理解題。從第一段提到的“太平洋上的國家瑙魯島曾經(jīng)是一個美麗的地方”看出，瑙魯島是attractive；由第二段第一句以及第三段第一句可知，上千年來，瑙魯島的人們生活在偏遠的小島上，過著平靜的生活。故選C項。 3．B　 細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段的“Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.”可以得知“磷酸鹽逐漸減少，開采殆盡”。由此可以看出，“磷酸鹽的過量開采”導(dǎo)致了生態(tài)災(zāi)難。故選B項。 4．A　 細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段的“Unfortunately，the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.”看出，是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人不正確使用資金導(dǎo)致了財政問題。故選A項。 5．A　 推理判斷題。文章最后告訴我們：Experts say that it would take approximately $433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.也就是說，瑙魯島上的生態(tài)損失彌補起來需要大量的資金和時間，即選項所說的“修復(fù)起來很難”。故選A項。 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。 Dutch treat is a late-nineteenth-century term, and it originally refers to a dinner where everyone is expected to pay for his own share of the food and drink. If people go “Dutch treat”, or simply “go Dutch”, it means that they will share the expenses of a social engagement. There are many other “Dutch” expressions in English, many of which were invented in Britain in the seventeenth century, when the Dutch and the English were commercial and military rivals. The British used “Dutch” to refer to something bad, cheap and shameful. A “Dutch bargain” at that time was an uneven, one-sided deal; “Dutch reckoning” was an unitemized account; and “Dutch widow” was slang for prostitute. Later centuries brought in “Dutch courage”, for bravery induced by drink; “Dutch concert”, for discordant music; “Dutch nightingale”, meaning a frog; and “double Dutch”, for incomprehensible language, or unintelligible talk. Some of the expressions are still in use today, but some are not. In fact, in American English, some “Dutch” expressions have nothing to do with the Dutch, but something with the German. It was probably because of the similar spelling and pronunciation that people made a mistake in distinguishing between “Dutch” and “Deutsch” (the German word for German), when German immigrants came to America in the 1700s. For instance, “the Pennsylvania Dutch” refers to the German descendants, instead of the Dutch descendants, living in Pennsylvania. 56. Many of the “Dutch” expressions were invented with derogatory (貶義) sense, because . A. The Dutch were underdeveloped people. B .Britain and Holland were competitors at that time. C. The Dutch had many bad habits. D. The British were superior to the Dutch. 【答案】B 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)when the Dutch and the English were commercial and military rivals. 英國和荷蘭進行商業(yè)和軍事競爭，故選B。 57. With the information you get from Paragraph 2, make a guess at the meaning of the sentence “You are in Dutch”. It probably means . A.You are in Holland. B. You are welcome. C. You are in trouble. D. You are lucky. 【答案】C 【解析】句意猜測題。根據(jù)The British used “Dutch” to refer to something bad and shameful.因為Dutch指的是不好可恥的事情，所以這句應(yīng)該理解為“你有麻煩了”，故選C。 58. According to the passage, some native American “Dutch” expressions were related to the German instead of the Dutch, simply because . A. People hated the German as much as the Dutch. B.People made a mistake at the beginning. C.People made a joke about the German. D.The German immigrants proclaimed that they were Dutch. 【答案】B 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)It was probably because of the similar spelling and pronunciation that people made a mistake in distinguishing between “Dutch” and “Deutsch” (the German word for German),是因為人們在開始時出現(xiàn)了錯誤，故選B。 [文化教育型閱讀理解(二)]----- (三) Recently, a student used his Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) to film a female teacher scolding and tearing the work of a classmate. The public discussion that the incident caused started on the Internet. However, when it came to the media's attention, it quickly became a major topic in the education circles. The reactions so far suggest that the focus of the debate has been on one question: whom to blame? Teachers who are anxious to defend their professional dignity have tried to put the blame on the students. They mentioned their right to privacy(隱私)and for this reason they requested the Ministry of Education (MOE) to prohibit PDAs in schools. On the other hand, some parents and students have taken a different position. They feel that the teacher is also at fault. Caught up in the war of words between both sides, people are no longer interested in the “truth” of the matter which seems now unimportant. It was left to newspapers to discover the central point of the controversial issue, by stressing the problems that are not always easily noticed in our educational system. For those responsible for educating the young, this PDA incident conveys the message that “times have changed”，a reality that must have been felt even more strongly by the female teacher when reflecting on this unpleasant experience. Different times call for different professional approaches in education. The ability to understand the students they are teaching has always been the quality of successful teachers. Despite some factors, the incident shows that the teacher lacks good qualities on her part. Besides, the rules under current system to deal with recalcitrant students need to be improved. Also, it is an example which shows the issue we are familiar with: what to do with new technology? With PDAs, the new technology, the interaction (交流)between the teachers and students in classroom has been changed. 1．The author's purpose in writing this passage is to________. A．improve the teacher's way of teaching B．stress the using of PDAs in the classroom C．change the students' behaviour in the classroom D．discuss the potential problems of educational system 2．The underlined word “recalcitrant” in Paragraph 3 probably means“________”． A．difficult to control B．interested in nothing C．unwilling to learn D．ready to obey rules 3．The writer's attitude towards the PDA incident is________. A．optimistic B．critical C．uncertain D．a(chǎn)pprovable 4．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Whom to blame? B．The PDA incident C．Times have changed D．What to do with new technology? (三) 【要點綜述】本文就一段由學(xué)生用PDA錄制的視頻展開討論。在科技迅速發(fā)展的今天，應(yīng)該責(zé)備學(xué)生侵犯了老師的個人隱私，還是整個教育系統(tǒng)的教育模式應(yīng)該做出適應(yīng)科技發(fā)展的改革？ 1．D　作者意圖題。根據(jù)文章可知作者意在討論教育體系的潛在問題。故選D項。 2．A　詞義猜測題。由第三段中“Besides，the rules under current system to deal with recalcitrant students need to be improved.”的關(guān)鍵詞rules 和to deal with 可知，規(guī)則要針對的必然是難管理的學(xué)生。故選A項。 3．B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Despite some factors，the incident shows that the teacher lacks good qualities on her part.Besides，the rules under current system to deal with recalcitrant students need to be improved.”可以判斷出，作者對整個事件持批判態(tài)度。故選B項。 4．A　主旨大意題。文章以PDA事件為引子，探討現(xiàn)行教育存在的問題，及誰該對此問題負責(zé)。故選A項。 9