高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀理解編選[打包8套]1.zip
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岳陽(yáng)市君山區(qū)2017高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解一輪編選
【2015高考復(fù)習(xí)】閱讀理解
The interview had been going on for about 20 minutes and everything seems to be going well.Then，suddenly，the interviewer asks an unexpected question，“Which is more important，law or Dove？”
Job applicants in the West increasingly find themselves asked strange questions like this.And the signs are that this is beginning to happen in China.
Employers want people skilled，enthusiastic and devoted.So these are the qualities that any reasonably intelligent job applicants will try to show no matter what his or her actual feelings are.In response，employers are increasingly using questions which try and show the applicant’s true personality.
The question in the first paragraph comes from a test called the Keirsey Personality Sorter.It is an attempt to discover how people solve problems，rather than what they know.This is often called an aptitude test (能力傾向測(cè)驗(yàn))．
According to Mark Baldwin many job applicants in China are finding this type of questions difficult.When a Chinese person fills out an aptitude test he or she will think there is a right answer and they may fail because they try to guess what the examiner wants to see.
This is sometimes called the prisoner’s dilemma.Applicants are trying to act cleverly in their own interest.But they fail because they don’t understand what the interviewer is looking for.Remember that in an aptitude test，the correct answer is always the honest answer.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文講述了現(xiàn)代企業(yè)招聘面試中的能力傾向測(cè)試并為求職者提供了回答此類(lèi)問(wèn)題的技巧。
1．The writer wrote the passage to________.
A．give you a piece of advice on a job interview
B．tell you how to meet a job interviewer
C．describe the aptitude test
D．a(chǎn)dvice you how to find a job
解析 寫(xiě)作目的題。通讀全文可知，本文意在為面試者提供建議。
答案 A
2．Why do the interviewers ask such questions?
A．They want to discover what the interviewees know.
B．They are curious about the answers.
C．They try to discover the ability of the interviewees solving problems.
D．They just ask questions without thinking much.
解析 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“It is an attempt to discover how people solve problems，rather than what they know.”可知答案為C項(xiàng)。
答案 C
3．According to the writer，in an aptitude test，Chinese job applicants should________.
A．not tell the truth
B．learn to tell what they really think
C．be more enthusiastic
D．try to find out what the examiner really want to know
解析 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Remember that in an aptitude test，the correct answer is always the honest answer.”可知，在能力傾向測(cè)驗(yàn)中，求職者應(yīng)該給出一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的答案。
答案 B
4．From the passage we know that________.
A．job applicants are always asked such questions
B．more Chinese applicants fail to find a job
C．a(chǎn)pplicants should not act as reasonably as a prisoner
D．the aptitude test is becoming popular worldwide
解析 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的內(nèi)容可知，西方的求職者們不斷發(fā)現(xiàn)他們被問(wèn)到類(lèi)似這樣的奇怪問(wèn)題，而且有跡象表明這種情況在中國(guó)也開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)。由此可推知D項(xiàng)正確。
答案 D
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Chocolate soap is supposed to be good for the skin. But it’s not so good for the tongue. Unfortunately for the US soldiers of World War II, the chocolate bars the army gave them tasted like they were intended for use in the bath.
In the army’s defense, it wasn’t trying to win any cooking awards. In fact, it specifically ordered that its chocolate bars not be too delicious, so soldiers wouldn’t eat them too quickly. These bars were created for survival, not taste. “They were awful,” John Otto, a former army captain in World War II said. “They were big, thick things, and they weren’t any good. I tried ’em, but I had to be awful hungry after I tried them once.”
As unappealing as the chocolate bars were to some, others liked them. Samuel Hinkle, the chemist who created the chocolate bars, pointed out that the number of bars made were far greater than the army needed. “It soon became obvious that the generous American soldiers were sharing their valued possessions with their foreign friends, whether soldiers of other countries or local citizens.”
The bars turned many hungry Europeans into friends of the United States. “People wanted them,” said Otto. “You’d give them to kids. In some places they were very hungry. And they sure helped relax people about American soldiers.”
Otto said he never saw a European turn his or her nose up at the chocolate. “It was food,” he said. “At that time, everyone was very hungry. I saw German kids standing outside the U.S. army kitchen. They weren’t begging, just standing there very politely. When we were done, the kids would eat the food out of the garbage. They were that hungry.”
Other Europeans did not see chocolate until well after the war ended. “We didn’t see any Americans where I was,” said Elizabeth Radsma, who was 25 years old when the Germans occupied her country, the Netherlands. “Even after the war, we saw only English. Maybe the Americans gave out some chocolate in the big cities, but we were only in a small town. Before the British, we saw only German soldiers. But chocolate? Don’t make me laugh! Maybe in my dreams!”
A soldier in the field might have responded “Be careful what you wish for” — and then gratefully bit down on a chocolate bar, the only food available for miles.
1. What was the American soldiers’ attitude towards the chocolate bars?
A. They were delicious.
B. They tasted awful.
C. They were necessary for survival.
D. Too many of them were produced.
2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. The US soldiers used the chocolate bars as bath soap.
B. The US soldiers did not have enough food during World War II.
C. The US army produced more chocolate bars than necessary for its soldiers.
D. European people regretted eating chocolate bars from the US soldiers.
3. The underlined expression “turn his or her nose up at” probably means ________.
A. reject B. demand C. receive D. smell
4. Why does the author mention the German kids’ story?
A. To tell how friendly the American soldiers were.
B. To describe the hunger in post-war Germany.
C. To prove German kids could be very polite.
D. To show how much they were eager for chocolates.
5. Elizabeth Radsma never saw chocolate during the war because _________.
A. the US soldiers handed out all of them to people in big cities
B. the German soldiers kept them all for themselves
C. the British soldiers didn’t share them with the local people
D. the US soldiers never showed up in the small town she lived in
【參考答案】1—5、BCABD
[文化教育型閱讀理解]
Millions of people pass through the gates of Disney's entertainment parks in California, Florida and Japan each year. What makes these places an almost universal attraction? What makes foreign kings and queens and other important people want to visit these Disney parks? Well, one reason is the way they're treated once they get there. The people at Disney go out of their way to serve their “guests”， as they prefer to call them, and to see that they enjoy themselves.
All new employees, from vice presidents to part time workers, begin their employment by attending Disney University and taking “Traditions 1”. Here, they learn about the company's history, how it is managed and why it is successful. They are shown how each department relates to the whole. All employees are shown how their part is important in making the park a success.
After passing “Traditions 1”， the employees go on to more specialized training for their specific jobs. No detail is missed. A simple job like taking tickets requires four eight hour days of training. When one ticket taker was asked why it took so much training for such a simple, ordinary job, he replied, “What happens if someone wants to know where the restrooms are, when the parade starts or what bus to take back to the campgrounds？…We need to know the answers or where to get them quickly. Our constant aim is to help our guests enjoy the party.”
Even Disney's managers get involved in the daily management of the park. Every year, the managers leave their desks and business suits and put on special service clothes. For a full week, the bosses sell hot dogs or ice cream, take tickets or drive the monorail (單軌列車(chē)), and take up any of the 100 jobs that make the entertainment park come alive. The managers agree that this week helps them to see the company's goals more clearly.
All these efforts to serve the public well have made Walt Disney Productions famous. Disney is considered by many as the best mass service provider in America or the world. As one long time business observer once said, “How Disney treats people, communicates with them, and rewards them, is in my view the very reason for his fifty years of success…I have watched, very carefully and with great respect and admiration, the theory and practice of selling satisfaction and serving millions of people on a daily basis, successfully. It is what Disney does best.”
1. The first day they come to Disney parks, all new employees ________．
A. begin as ticket takers
B. must learn several jobs
C. begin by receiving on the job training
D. have already attended Disney University
2. The main goal of the Disney employees is to ________．
A. learn all parts of the business
B. keep their important guests happy
C. be able to answer all kinds of questions
D. see that their guests enjoy themselves
3. Each year, managers wear special service clothes and work in the park to ________．
A. gain a better view of the company's objectives
B. remind themselves of their beginnings at Disney
C. set a good example for employees
D. replace employees on holiday
4. Which is the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Parades are regularly held in Disney's entertainment parks.
B. Disney attracts people almost from all over the world.
C. Tourists learn the history of Disney in its entertainment parks.
D. Disney's managers are able to do almost all kinds of work in the Disney parks.
5. This passage is mainly about ________．
A. how Disney employees are trained
B. the history and traditions of the Disney enterprises
C. the importance Disney places on serving people well
D. why Disney enterprises make a lot of money
(三)
【要點(diǎn)綜述】 本文主要介紹了迪斯尼公司通過(guò)嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練管理和優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)吸引了來(lái)自世界各地的人們觀光旅游。
1．C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段“All new employees, from vice presidents to part time workers, begin their employment by attending Disney University and taking ‘Traditions 1'.”和后面所講述的訓(xùn)練情況可知，每一個(gè)新職員必須在開(kāi)始就進(jìn)行工作培訓(xùn)。
2．D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第三段最后一句話“Our constant aim is to help our guests enjoy the party.”可知，迪斯尼樂(lè)園職工的目的是讓游客們玩得高興。
3．A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段提供的信息“Every year, the managers leave their desks and business suits and put on special service clothes.”和本段的最后一句話“The managers agree that this week helps them to see the company's goals more clearly.”可知，經(jīng)理們每年穿上特殊的工作服是為了更好地看清迪斯尼公司的目標(biāo)。
4．C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，選項(xiàng)C是錯(cuò)誤的，因?yàn)橛慰偷降纤鼓岬哪康牟皇橇私馑臍v史，而是進(jìn)行娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)。
5．C 主旨大意題。通篇文章主要介紹了迪斯尼公司嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練管理和優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)。迪斯尼公司把為游客服務(wù)放在重要的位置。
[廣告型閱讀理解]-----(一)
TRAVEL GROUPS TO AUSTRALIA，NEW ZEALAND，F(xiàn)IJI：
Group of 6 or more？Are you a member of a group or a society that likes to travel？Contact us for a price quote for your private group tour.Although our scheduled tours are for small groups，we can customize(訂制) a tour for 6～200 guests.Larger tours include free places for you and other extras.Plan a trip to your very own Australia or New Zealand.
No group too small or large.Planning a sorority(女生聯(lián)誼會(huì)) reunion in Australia，professional organization trip，church or survivor travel to New Zealand，or a New Zealand garden tour？We would be happy to customize an itinerary(行程)for you，including the private minibus or motorcoach with a tour guide，hotels or B&B's of your choice，and any sightseeing or meals you would like.We will do our best to design a unique tour just for you or your own group，others just like you who enjoy discovering special，unique hotels，and unusual inns，outstanding food，and cultural，literary and historical sites.We prefer to plan these tours in a relaxing manner，staying at two or three base locations from which you can visit places of interest and don't have to move luggage every day.
What goes into an unforgettable tour of Australia？Lots of great scenery，for sure.Maybe an aboriginal dance，perhaps a conversation with a local shopkeeper，or a shepherd walking his dogs.We pay attention to all the details so you can relax and enjoy your trip.If you don't know where to start，we have suggested itineraries for garden tours，wildlife，family travel and more.
Do you allow children on your tours？Yes，however, the minimum age is 7 years on our tours.
Call 1 800 221 2474 9 am～6 pm Mon～Fri Eastern Time or (516) 248 2042 outside USA/Canada
Although we have provided as much information as possible on our website，we are happy to answer your questions directly on the phone.
Sometimes，it is just easier to speak to one of us.We are awaiting your call.
1.Where is the travel agent?
A．New Zealand. B．Australia.
C．Canada. D．The US.
2．The travel agent prefers to be contacted ________．
A．online B．by letter
C．by phone D．in person
3．Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
A．Free places and other extras can be provided for larger groups.
B．An aboriginal dance can be enjoyed in New Zealand.
C．The group tour is mainly designed in a relaxing way.
D．The sites and accomodation can be chosen by visitors.
4．Which of the following groups could have a special tour in the travel agent?
A．Five females who want to have a guide.
B．A school with 300 students.
C．A couple accompanied by their four teens.
D．The children below 7 studying in the kindergarten.
5．Where can we most probably read this text?
A．In a newspaper. B．On the Internet page.
C．In a travel club. D．In a travel magazine.
(一)
【要點(diǎn)綜述】 本文為一則廣告。一家旅游公司就組團(tuán)去澳大利亞、新西蘭以及斐濟(jì)旅游給出了一些要求、條件及聯(lián)系方式。
1．D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由右邊的公司的標(biāo)志圖里可看到公司的地址在美國(guó)。
2．C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由右邊倒數(shù)第二段“…we are happy to answer your questions directly on the phone.”可知，公司情愿大家打電話聯(lián)系。
3．B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由左邊最后一段“Lots of great scenery, for sure. Maybe an aboriginal dance, perhaps a conversation with a local shopkeeper, or a shepherd working his dogs.”可知，在澳大利亞能看到土著人的舞蹈，而不是在新西蘭。
4．C 推理判斷題。由第一段“Although our scheduled tours are for small groups, we can customize(訂制) a tour for 6～200 guests.”以及右邊“Yes, however the minimum age is 7 years on our tours. ”可知，6個(gè)人而且是7歲以上的團(tuán)體能夠定制一個(gè)適合自己的團(tuán)隊(duì)。
5．B 推理判斷題。由右邊第一幅圖上的“Download Our Brochure”可推出，這應(yīng)該是一個(gè)網(wǎng)上鏈接下載的圖標(biāo)，故選B項(xiàng)。
9
岳陽(yáng)市君山區(qū)2017高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解一輪編選
【2015高考復(fù)習(xí)】閱讀理解
“One City One Book” is a generic name (通稱) for a community reading program that attempts to get everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book.Popular book picks have been Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird，Ernest Gaines’s A Lesson Before Dying，and Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451.
“One City One Book” programs take the idea of a localized book discussion club and expand it to cover a whole city.The first such program was “If All of Seattle Read the Same Book” in 1998，started by Nancy Pearl at Seattle Public Library’s Washington Center for the Book.The book chosen for the program was The Sweet Hereafter by Russell Banks，written in 1991.Other cities copied the idea，and the Library of Congress listed 404 programs occurring in 2007.
Each city’s program has its own goals；these typically include building a sense of community and promoting literacy.Nancy Pearl warns against expecting too much from a program：“Keep in mind that this is a library program，it’s not an exercise in civics，and that it’s not intended to have literature cure the racial divide.This is about a work of literature.”
Programs typically involve more than having everyone read the same book.Some other activities that have been included are：book discussion sessions，scholarly lectures on the book or related topics，a visit by the author，exhibits，related arts programming (especially showing a movie of the book if there is one)，and integration into school curricula.In Boston the “One City One Story” program used shorter stories and distributed tens of thousands of free copies of the story over the course of a month.
American Library Association puts out a detailed step-by-step guide on how to organize a local program，including the critical step of picking the one book.The Center for the Book at the Library of Congress tracks all known programs and the books they have used.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文是說(shuō)明文，介紹了美國(guó)開(kāi)展的“一個(gè)城市，一本書(shū)”的讀書(shū)活動(dòng)。
4．“One City One Book” programs________.
A．a(chǎn)sk everyone in a city to donate one book
B．can rid a city of racial divide through reading
C．choose short stories for people to read
D．encourage everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book
解析 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第一段第一句可知，這個(gè)活動(dòng)旨在讓同一個(gè)城市的人們讀同一本書(shū)并共同評(píng)論這本書(shū)。
答案 D
5．We know from the second paragraph that “One City One Book” programs________.
A．became popular very quickly
B．have been held more than 400 times in Seattle
C．were sponsored by the Library of Congress
D．reached its peak in 2007
解析 推理判斷題。從文章第二段可知，當(dāng)西雅圖在1998年首先推出這個(gè)活動(dòng)以后，其他城市也紛紛效仿，到2007年這個(gè)活動(dòng)已經(jīng)在400多個(gè)城市推出，可見(jiàn)這個(gè)活動(dòng)流行得非常迅速。
答案 A
6．We can infer from the third paragraph that Nancy Pearl________.
A．expects much from the programs
B．didn’t expect that the programs would run so well
C．has a practical attitude towards the programs
D．believes the programs will push forward community building
解析 推理判斷題。從文章第三段中Nancy Pearl的話可知，她警告人們不要對(duì)這個(gè)活動(dòng)期望太多，說(shuō)明她對(duì)這個(gè)活動(dòng)持有十分務(wù)實(shí)的態(tài)度。
答案 C
7．What kind of role does American Library Association play in the programs?
A．It picks out the city which runs the programs well.
B．It gives free books to the host city.
C．It gives a practical guide to the programs.
D．It keeps a record of all known programs.
解析 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章最后一段可知，美國(guó)圖書(shū)館協(xié)會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)具體指導(dǎo)活動(dòng)的開(kāi)展。
答案 C
2016高考訓(xùn)練題。閱讀理解。
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Holidays are really important. Many of us have childhood memories of summer holidays when we were taken away from home to experience new environments and learn in different ways. Hut holidays are expensive and, for those families on low salaries or living on
Benefits，they are often unobtainable. Even the cheapest holidays require travel other additional costs that are difficult for many families to meet. For working parents, the long summer break can be a very difficult problem for childcare. When an annual leave allowance amounts to only five weeks, there is a need to spread this across the year. Couples can find themselves taking leave in turn in order to care for children who are on holiday. The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff committed (承諾) to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment. The number of children receiving free school meals is quite large in Nottingham and many schools have breakfast clubs to make sure that children get a healthy start to the day. Most schools undertake programs of group or individual educational support. Schools also have an important role in safe guiding children's welfare through the ongoing touch and support with their pupils. During the long summer holidays, much of this is missed. In setting out its plans for a five-term year, Nottingham City Council is seeking to reduce the summer holiday down to four weeks, with a more balanced five terms of roughly eight weeks, each followed by a two-week break. We believe this will give real
"down time" for school staff and pupils alike but will be short enough not to cause a real break in learning. We acknowledge that this change may be difficult for some school staff, particularly whose own children are educated in other authorities. However, this must
be weighed against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care.
1、 What does the text mainly talk about?
A、 The importance of the holiday.
B、 The holiday reduction plan.
C、 The balance of holidays and school days.
D、 The necessity of cutting down the long holiday.
2、 The underlined word“they” in the second paragraph refers to
A. holidays B、families C、salaries D、 benefits
3、The plans for a shorter summer holiday will help students
A、obtain the cheapest holidays without additional costs
B、 get a chance to spend 8 weeks a term with teachers in school
C、 benefit more from the caring and inspiring learning environment
D、 have more than 5 weeks of school days to receive free school meals
4、It can be inferred from the text that
A、 working parents can enjoy a five-week break to care for their children
B、 some school staff may say " No" to the plans for a shorter summer holiday
C、 the long summer holiday gives teachers and students real “down time”
D、 the suggested plans for a five term school year can hardly be carried out
參考答案1—4、DAC B
[社會(huì)生活型閱讀理解(二)]
Some say everyday miracles(奇跡) are predestined(注定的)—the right time for the appointed meeting. And it can happen anywhere.
11 year old Kevin Stephen was a bat boy for his younger brother's Little League team in Lancaster, New York. It was an early evening in late July. Kevin was standing on the grass away from the plate, where another youngster was warming up for the next game. Swinging his bat back and forth, giving it all the power an elementary school kid could give, the boy brought the bat back hard and hit Kevin in the chest. His heart stopped.
When Kevin fell to the ground, the mother of one of the players rushed out of the stands to his aid. Penny Brown hadn't planned to be there that day, but at the last minute, her shift(換班)at the hospital had been changed to see her son's performance. She was given the night off. Penny bent over the senseless boy, his face already starting to turn blue, and giving CPR, breathing into his mouth and giving chest compressions. And he revived in the end.
After his recovery, he became a volunteer junior firefighter, learning some of the emergency first aid techniques that had saved his life. He studied hard in school and was saving money for college by working as a dishwasher in a local restaurant in his spare time.
Kevin, now 18, was working in the kitchen when he heard people screaming, customers in confusion, employees rushing towards a table. He hurried into the main room and saw a woman there, her face turning blue, her hands at her throat. She was choking.
Quickly Kevin stepped behind her, wrapped his arms around her and clasped his hands. Then, using skills he'd first learned in Scouts. The food that was trapped in the woman's throat was freed. The colour began to return to her face.
“The food was stuck. I couldn't breathe，” she said. She thought she was dying. “I was very frightened.”
Who was the woman?
Penny Brown.
1. The author wrote the passage to show us that________．
A. miracles are predestined and they can happen anywhere
B. whoever helps you in trouble will get a reward one day
C. God will help those who give others a helping hand
D. miracles won't come without any difficulty sometimes
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE of Kevin Stephen?
A. He was hit on the face by a boy and almost lost his life.
B. He was a volunteer junior firefighter, teaching the players first aid skills.
C. He worked part time in a local restaurant to save money for college.
D. He saved Penny Brown though he didn't really know how to deal with food choke.
3. Why did Penny Brown change her shift and was given the night off that night?
A. She was invited to give the players directions.
B. She volunteered to give medical services.
C. She was a little worried about his son's safety.
D. She came to watch her son's game and cheered him.
4. The underlined word “revived”(Paragraph 3) most likely means “________”．
A. came back to life B. became worse
C. failed D. moved
5. When Kevin knew the woman was Penny Brown, probably he first felt ________．
A. happy B. surprised C. sad D. worried
(二)
【要點(diǎn)綜述】 文章通過(guò)講述兩個(gè)人的互救經(jīng)歷來(lái)證明“奇跡是注定的，無(wú)處不在”這一觀點(diǎn)。
1．A 主旨大意題。文章第一段點(diǎn)明了本文的寫(xiě)作目的：奇跡是注定的，無(wú)處不在。下文通過(guò)具體講述兩個(gè)人的互救經(jīng)歷來(lái)證明這一觀點(diǎn)。
2．C 正誤判斷題。由第四段中“He studied hard in school and was saving money for college by working as a dishwasher in a local restaurant in his spare time.”可知C項(xiàng)表述正確，符合題意。
3．D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中“…but at the last minute, her shift(換班)at the hospital had been changed to see her son's performance.”可知Penny Brown是為了看她兒子的比賽，為他加油，才換了班。
4．A 詞義猜測(cè)題。由前面的句子“Penny bent over the senseless boy…”和下一段的“After his recovery…”可以推出revive的意思為“蘇醒，醒了過(guò)來(lái)”。
5．B 推理判斷題。當(dāng)Kevin知道Penny Brown正是七年前挽救他生命的那個(gè)人時(shí)， 他的第一感覺(jué)應(yīng)該是“驚訝，意想不到”；再結(jié)合本文的寫(xiě)作目的：奇跡無(wú)處不在，可以推出B項(xiàng)為正確答案。
[社會(huì)生活型閱讀理解(二)]---- (三)
People turn to magic(魔力)chiefly as a form of insurance—that is, they use it along with actions that actually bring results. For example, hunters may use a hunting charm(咒語(yǔ)). But they also use their hunting skills and knowledge of animals. The charm may give hunters the extra confidence they need to hunt even more successfully than they would without it. If they shoot a lot of game(獵物), they credit the charm for their success. Many events happen naturally without magic. Crops grow without it, and sick people get well without it. But if people use magic to bring a good harvest or to cure a patient, they may believe the magic was responsible.
People also tend to forget magic's failures and to be impressed by its surface successes. They may consider magic successful if it appears to work only 10 percent of the time. Even when magic fails, people often explain the failure without doubting the power of the magic. They may say that the magician made a mistake in reciting the spell or that another magician cast a more powerful spell against the magician.
Many anthropologists(人類(lèi)學(xué)家) believe that people have faith in magic because they feel a need to believe in it. People may turn to magic to reduce their fear and uncertainty if they feel they have no control over the outcome of a situation. For example, farmers use knowledge and skill when they plant their fields. But they know that weather, insects, or diseases might ruin the crops. So farmers in some societies may also plant a charm or perform a magic rite to ensure a good harvest.
1. From the passage, we can learn that the writer of the passage may be ________．
A. a hunter B. a farmer
C. a magician D. an anthropologist
2. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?
A. Magic and Hunting
B. Magic and Farming
C. Why Magic Works?
D. Why People Believe in Magic?
3. The underlined word “spell”(Paragraph 2) most probably means “________”.
A. magic words B. magic events
C. words or expressions D. magicians
4. People believe in magic because________．
A. magic powers are greater than natural powers
B. magic can turn dreams into reality
C. they are not sure of themselves
D. magic can bring good results
5. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Even though magic fails, believers in magic will explain the reason.
B. Believers in magic usually overstate the power of magic.
C. People use magic to reduce their uncertainty and give them extra confidence.
D. Magic can solve problems people can't deal with in a natural way.
(三)
【要點(diǎn)綜述】 為什么有些人相信魔法咒語(yǔ)呢？魔法咒語(yǔ)真的靈驗(yàn)嗎？這些人相信魔法咒語(yǔ)是因?yàn)樗麄內(nèi)狈ψ孕拧Ｗ髡咭匀祟?lèi)學(xué)家的科學(xué)眼光分析了這種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。
1．D
2．D 主旨大意題。全文主要介紹了人們?yōu)槭裁聪嘈胖湔Z(yǔ)。
3．A 詞義猜測(cè)題。同形異義詞需要根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境來(lái)確定其具體意義，不可受原先所熟悉詞義的約束。文中第二段的“spell”與“拼寫(xiě)”無(wú)關(guān)，而是指“咒語(yǔ)”可知。
4．C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，人們相信魔法咒語(yǔ)是因?yàn)槿藗冃枰嘈潘?。?dāng)人們無(wú)法控制情況的后果時(shí)，就可能轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)で竽Хㄖ湔Z(yǔ)來(lái)減輕自己的恐懼或不安，也就是人們?nèi)狈ψ孕拧?
5．D 正誤判斷題。D項(xiàng)意思為：咒語(yǔ)可以解決人們用自然的方式不能解決的問(wèn)題。由文章內(nèi)容可知，咒語(yǔ)只是人們解決問(wèn)題時(shí)的一種寄托和心理安慰，并不能真正地幫助人們解決問(wèn)題，故D項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤。其他三項(xiàng)均可從文中找到相應(yīng)的依據(jù)。
8
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