高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀理解編選[打包8套]1.zip
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岳陽(yáng)市君山區(qū)2017高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解一輪編選
【2015高考復(fù)習(xí)】閱讀理解
“One City One Book” is a generic name (通稱) for a community reading program that attempts to get everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book.Popular book picks have been Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird，Ernest Gaines’s A Lesson Before Dying，and Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451.
“One City One Book” programs take the idea of a localized book discussion club and expand it to cover a whole city.The first such program was “If All of Seattle Read the Same Book” in 1998，started by Nancy Pearl at Seattle Public Library’s Washington Center for the Book.The book chosen for the program was The Sweet Hereafter by Russell Banks，written in 1991.Other cities copied the idea，and the Library of Congress listed 404 programs occurring in 2007.
Each city’s program has its own goals；these typically include building a sense of community and promoting literacy.Nancy Pearl warns against expecting too much from a program：“Keep in mind that this is a library program，it’s not an exercise in civics，and that it’s not intended to have literature cure the racial divide.This is about a work of literature.”
Programs typically involve more than having everyone read the same book.Some other activities that have been included are：book discussion sessions，scholarly lectures on the book or related topics，a visit by the author，exhibits，related arts programming (especially showing a movie of the book if there is one)，and integration into school curricula.In Boston the “One City One Story” program used shorter stories and distributed tens of thousands of free copies of the story over the course of a month.
American Library Association puts out a detailed step-by-step guide on how to organize a local program，including the critical step of picking the one book.The Center for the Book at the Library of Congress tracks all known programs and the books they have used.
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文是說(shuō)明文，介紹了美國(guó)開(kāi)展的“一個(gè)城市，一本書”的讀書活動(dòng)。
4．“One City One Book” programs________.
A．a(chǎn)sk everyone in a city to donate one book
B．can rid a city of racial divide through reading
C．choose short stories for people to read
D．encourage everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book
解析 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第一段第一句可知，這個(gè)活動(dòng)旨在讓同一個(gè)城市的人們讀同一本書并共同評(píng)論這本書。
答案 D
5．We know from the second paragraph that “One City One Book” programs________.
A．became popular very quickly
B．have been held more than 400 times in Seattle
C．were sponsored by the Library of Congress
D．reached its peak in 2007
解析 推理判斷題。從文章第二段可知，當(dāng)西雅圖在1998年首先推出這個(gè)活動(dòng)以后，其他城市也紛紛效仿，到2007年這個(gè)活動(dòng)已經(jīng)在400多個(gè)城市推出，可見(jiàn)這個(gè)活動(dòng)流行得非常迅速。
答案 A
6．We can infer from the third paragraph that Nancy Pearl________.
A．expects much from the programs
B．didn’t expect that the programs would run so well
C．has a practical attitude towards the programs
D．believes the programs will push forward community building
解析 推理判斷題。從文章第三段中Nancy Pearl的話可知，她警告人們不要對(duì)這個(gè)活動(dòng)期望太多，說(shuō)明她對(duì)這個(gè)活動(dòng)持有十分務(wù)實(shí)的態(tài)度。
答案 C
7．What kind of role does American Library Association play in the programs?
A．It picks out the city which runs the programs well.
B．It gives free books to the host city.
C．It gives a practical guide to the programs.
D．It keeps a record of all known programs.
解析 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章最后一段可知，美國(guó)圖書館協(xié)會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)具體指導(dǎo)活動(dòng)的開(kāi)展。
答案 C
2016高考訓(xùn)練題。閱讀理解。
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Holidays are really important. Many of us have childhood memories of summer holidays when we were taken away from home to experience new environments and learn in different ways. Hut holidays are expensive and, for those families on low salaries or living on
Benefits，they are often unobtainable. Even the cheapest holidays require travel other additional costs that are difficult for many families to meet. For working parents, the long summer break can be a very difficult problem for childcare. When an annual leave allowance amounts to only five weeks, there is a need to spread this across the year. Couples can find themselves taking leave in turn in order to care for children who are on holiday. The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff committed (承諾) to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment. The number of children receiving free school meals is quite large in Nottingham and many schools have breakfast clubs to make sure that children get a healthy start to the day. Most schools undertake programs of group or individual educational support. Schools also have an important role in safe guiding children's welfare through the ongoing touch and support with their pupils. During the long summer holidays, much of this is missed. In setting out its plans for a five-term year, Nottingham City Council is seeking to reduce the summer holiday down to four weeks, with a more balanced five terms of roughly eight weeks, each followed by a two-week break. We believe this will give real
"down time" for school staff and pupils alike but will be short enough not to cause a real break in learning. We acknowledge that this change may be difficult for some school staff, particularly whose own children are educated in other authorities. However, this must
be weighed against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care.
1、 What does the text mainly talk about?
A、 The importance of the holiday.
B、 The holiday reduction plan.
C、 The balance of holidays and school days.
D、 The necessity of cutting down the long holiday.
2、 The underlined word“they” in the second paragraph refers to
A. holidays B、families C、salaries D、 benefits
3、The plans for a shorter summer holiday will help students
A、obtain the cheapest holidays without additional costs
B、 get a chance to spend 8 weeks a term with teachers in school
C、 benefit more from the caring and inspiring learning environment
D、 have more than 5 weeks of school days to receive free school meals
4、It can be inferred from the text that
A、 working parents can enjoy a five-week break to care for their children
B、 some school staff may say " No" to the plans for a shorter summer holiday
C、 the long summer holiday gives teachers and students real “down time”
D、 the suggested plans for a five term school year can hardly be carried out
參考答案1—4、DAC B
[社會(huì)生活型閱讀理解(二)]
Some say everyday miracles(奇跡) are predestined(注定的)—the right time for the appointed meeting. And it can happen anywhere.
11 year old Kevin Stephen was a bat boy for his younger brother's Little League team in Lancaster, New York. It was an early evening in late July. Kevin was standing on the grass away from the plate, where another youngster was warming up for the next game. Swinging his bat back and forth, giving it all the power an elementary school kid could give, the boy brought the bat back hard and hit Kevin in the chest. His heart stopped.
When Kevin fell to the ground, the mother of one of the players rushed out of the stands to his aid. Penny Brown hadn't planned to be there that day, but at the last minute, her shift(換班)at the hospital had been changed to see her son's performance. She was given the night off. Penny bent over the senseless boy, his face already starting to turn blue, and giving CPR, breathing into his mouth and giving chest compressions. And he revived in the end.
After his recovery, he became a volunteer junior firefighter, learning some of the emergency first aid techniques that had saved his life. He studied hard in school and was saving money for college by working as a dishwasher in a local restaurant in his spare time.
Kevin, now 18, was working in the kitchen when he heard people screaming, customers in confusion, employees rushing towards a table. He hurried into the main room and saw a woman there, her face turning blue, her hands at her throat. She was choking.
Quickly Kevin stepped behind her, wrapped his arms around her and clasped his hands. Then, using skills he'd first learned in Scouts. The food that was trapped in the woman's throat was freed. The colour began to return to her face.
“The food was stuck. I couldn't breathe，” she said. She thought she was dying. “I was very frightened.”
Who was the woman?
Penny Brown.
1. The author wrote the passage to show us that________．
A. miracles are predestined and they can happen anywhere
B. whoever helps you in trouble will get a reward one day
C. God will help those who give others a helping hand
D. miracles won't come without any difficulty sometimes
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE of Kevin Stephen?
A. He was hit on the face by a boy and almost lost his life.
B. He was a volunteer junior firefighter, teaching the players first aid skills.
C. He worked part time in a local restaurant to save money for college.
D. He saved Penny Brown though he didn't really know how to deal with food choke.
3. Why did Penny Brown change her shift and was given the night off that night?
A. She was invited to give the players directions.
B. She volunteered to give medical services.
C. She was a little worried about his son's safety.
D. She came to watch her son's game and cheered him.
4. The underlined word “revived”(Paragraph 3) most likely means “________”．
A. came back to life B. became worse
C. failed D. moved
5. When Kevin knew the woman was Penny Brown, probably he first felt ________．
A. happy B. surprised C. sad D. worried
(二)
【要點(diǎn)綜述】 文章通過(guò)講述兩個(gè)人的互救經(jīng)歷來(lái)證明“奇跡是注定的，無(wú)處不在”這一觀點(diǎn)。
1．A 主旨大意題。文章第一段點(diǎn)明了本文的寫作目的：奇跡是注定的，無(wú)處不在。下文通過(guò)具體講述兩個(gè)人的互救經(jīng)歷來(lái)證明這一觀點(diǎn)。
2．C 正誤判斷題。由第四段中“He studied hard in school and was saving money for college by working as a dishwasher in a local restaurant in his spare time.”可知C項(xiàng)表述正確，符合題意。
3．D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中“…but at the last minute, her shift(換班)at the hospital had been changed to see her son's performance.”可知Penny Brown是為了看她兒子的比賽，為他加油，才換了班。
4．A 詞義猜測(cè)題。由前面的句子“Penny bent over the senseless boy…”和下一段的“After his recovery…”可以推出revive的意思為“蘇醒，醒了過(guò)來(lái)”。
5．B 推理判斷題。當(dāng)Kevin知道Penny Brown正是七年前挽救他生命的那個(gè)人時(shí)， 他的第一感覺(jué)應(yīng)該是“驚訝，意想不到”；再結(jié)合本文的寫作目的：奇跡無(wú)處不在，可以推出B項(xiàng)為正確答案。
[社會(huì)生活型閱讀理解(二)]---- (三)
People turn to magic(魔力)chiefly as a form of insurance—that is, they use it along with actions that actually bring results. For example, hunters may use a hunting charm(咒語(yǔ)). But they also use their hunting skills and knowledge of animals. The charm may give hunters the extra confidence they need to hunt even more successfully than they would without it. If they shoot a lot of game(獵物), they credit the charm for their success. Many events happen naturally without magic. Crops grow without it, and sick people get well without it. But if people use magic to bring a good harvest or to cure a patient, they may believe the magic was responsible.
People also tend to forget magic's failures and to be impressed by its surface successes. They may consider magic successful if it appears to work only 10 percent of the time. Even when magic fails, people often explain the failure without doubting the power of the magic. They may say that the magician made a mistake in reciting the spell or that another magician cast a more powerful spell against the magician.
Many anthropologists(人類學(xué)家) believe that people have faith in magic because they feel a need to believe in it. People may turn to magic to reduce their fear and uncertainty if they feel they have no control over the outcome of a situation. For example, farmers use knowledge and skill when they plant their fields. But they know that weather, insects, or diseases might ruin the crops. So farmers in some societies may also plant a charm or perform a magic rite to ensure a good harvest.
1. From the passage, we can learn that the writer of the passage may be ________．
A. a hunter B. a farmer
C. a magician D. an anthropologist
2. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?
A. Magic and Hunting
B. Magic and Farming
C. Why Magic Works?
D. Why People Believe in Magic?
3. The underlined word “spell”(Paragraph 2) most probably means “________”.
A. magic words B. magic events
C. words or expressions D. magicians
4. People believe in magic because________．
A. magic powers are greater than natural powers
B. magic can turn dreams into reality
C. they are not sure of themselves
D. magic can bring good results
5. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Even though magic fails, believers in magic will explain the reason.
B. Believers in magic usually overstate the power of magic.
C. People use magic to reduce their uncertainty and give them extra confidence.
D. Magic can solve problems people can't deal with in a natural way.
(三)
【要點(diǎn)綜述】 為什么有些人相信魔法咒語(yǔ)呢？魔法咒語(yǔ)真的靈驗(yàn)嗎？這些人相信魔法咒語(yǔ)是因?yàn)樗麄內(nèi)狈ψ孕?。作者以人類學(xué)家的科學(xué)眼光分析了這種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。
1．D
2．D 主旨大意題。全文主要介紹了人們?yōu)槭裁聪嘈胖湔Z(yǔ)。
3．A 詞義猜測(cè)題。同形異義詞需要根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境來(lái)確定其具體意義，不可受原先所熟悉詞義的約束。文中第二段的“spell”與“拼寫”無(wú)關(guān)，而是指“咒語(yǔ)”可知。
4．C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，人們相信魔法咒語(yǔ)是因?yàn)槿藗冃枰嘈潘?。?dāng)人們無(wú)法控制情況的后果時(shí)，就可能轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)で竽Хㄖ湔Z(yǔ)來(lái)減輕自己的恐懼或不安，也就是人們?nèi)狈ψ孕拧?
5．D 正誤判斷題。D項(xiàng)意思為：咒語(yǔ)可以解決人們用自然的方式不能解決的問(wèn)題。由文章內(nèi)容可知，咒語(yǔ)只是人們解決問(wèn)題時(shí)的一種寄托和心理安慰，并不能真正地幫助人們解決問(wèn)題，故D項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤。其他三項(xiàng)均可從文中找到相應(yīng)的依據(jù)。
8
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