高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀理解訓(xùn)練[打包8套]31.zip

高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀理解訓(xùn)練[打包8套]31.zip,打包8套,高考,英語,一輪,復(fù)習(xí),閱讀,理解,訓(xùn)練,打包,31 湖北安陸市2017高考英語閱讀理解暑假自測自練（二） 閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 【2014·江西省九江市高三年級模擬考試】 Many people think of the brain as a mystery.They don’t know much about intelligence and how it works.When they do think about what intelligence is，many people believe that a person is born smart，average，or dumb—and stays that way in the whole life.But new research shows that the brain is more like a muscle—it changes and gets stronger when you use it.And scientists have been able to show just how the brain grows and gets stronger when you learn. Everyone knows that when you lift weights，your muscles get bigger and you get stronger.A person who can’t lift 20 pounds when he/she starts exercising can get strong enough to lift 100 pounds after working out for a long time.That’s because the muscles become larger and stronger with exercise.And when you stop exercising，the muscles shrink and you get weaker.That’s why people say “Use it or lose it！” But most people don’t know that when they practice and learn new things，parts of their brain change and get larger a lot like muscles do when they exercise.Inside the cortex (皮層) of the brain are billions of tiny nerve cells，called neurons.The nerve cells have branches connecting them to other cells in a complicated network.Communication between these brain cells is what allows us to think and solve problems.When you learn new things，these tiny connections in the brain actually multiply and get stronger.The more you challenge your mind to learn，the more your brain cells grow.Then，things that you once found very hard or even impossible to do—like speaking a foreign language or doing algebra (代數(shù))—seem to become easy after learning them for a period of time.The result is a stronger，smarter brain. Scientists started thinking that the human brain could develop and change when they studied animals’ brains.They found out that animals that lived in a challenging environment were more “perspicacious”—they were better at solving problems and learning new things. 1. According to the first paragraph，________. A．the function of our brain is like that of the muscle B．until now it’s impossible to explain the brain’s mystery C．many people believe one’s intelligence is naturally determined D．one’s brain grows stronger as the age increases 2．Training muscles is compared to________. A．using the brain B．connecting things in your brain C．lifting weights D．doing research about the brain 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The complex structure of the brain. B．How changes in the muscles affect the brain. C．The importance of the brain. D．How the brain becomes stronger by learning new things. 4．What does the underlined word “perspicacious” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Strong.　 B．Smart. C．Popular.　 D．Active. 5．The following paragraph will most probably talk about________. A．the differences between animals’ brains and humans’ brains B．the relation between human brains and muscles C．scientists’ findings about animals’ brains D．how to make your brain smarter through self-development 語篇解讀　科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)常學(xué)習(xí)能促進(jìn)大腦的發(fā)育，正如經(jīng)常鍛煉能使肌肉更強(qiáng)健一樣。 1．解析：　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“many people believe that a person is born smart，average，or dumb—and stays that way in the whole life.”可知C項(xiàng)正確。 答案：　C 2．解析：　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“But new research shows that the brain is more like a muscle—it changes and gets stronger when you use it.”可知答案。 答案：　A 3．解析：　考查段落大意。本段詳細(xì)描述了大腦如何通過練習(xí)和學(xué)習(xí)新事物而發(fā)生變化，從而變得更敏捷。 答案：　 D 4．解析：　考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)破折號后面的“they were better at sloving problems and learning new things”可知，該詞應(yīng)為“敏銳的”之意。 答案：　B 5．解析：　考查推理判斷。最后一段提出科學(xué)家是從研究動物的大腦得出的結(jié)論，因此下一段最可能進(jìn)一步描述這些研究成果。 答案：C.。 閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 NOT all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences. 　　Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce , or possibly erase(抹去), the effect of painful memories. 　　In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased. 　　The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers' troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories. 　　"Some memories can ruin people's lives . They come back to you when you don't want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions," said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. "This could relieve a lot of that suffering." 　　But those who are against the research say that changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity (特質(zhì)). They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past. "All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I'm not sure we want to wipe those memories out, "said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist(論理學(xué)家). Some people fear that although the drug would first be uesed in only very serious cases, it would become more and more common. “ People always have the ability to misuse science,” said Joseph Le Doux, a New York University memory researcher.” All we want to do is to help people have better control of memories.” 1. What’s the main idea of this passage? A People often suffer from bad memories. B American researchers are trying to develop a pill. C Forget bad memories, and be happy. D The researh has caused a heated argument. 答案解析：答案為D。本題為主旨大意題。第一段引出話題人們想忘記痛苦的回憶，第二、三段介紹科學(xué)家研究可以消除痛苦回憶的藥物，該研究引起了人們的激烈爭論，有人支持，有人反對，文章的重心著重于人們的爭論，文章的大意就是“研究引起了激烈的爭論”。 故答案為D。 2. The underlinded word “ it “ in Para 4 refers to _______ A the new drug B the research into the drug C the bad memory D the chemical drug 答案解析：答案為B。本題為詞義推理題。結(jié)合劃線的 “it” 出現(xiàn)的語境 “The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.” 可以推斷，“it”指代的是“the research”，再結(jié)合前面第二、三段的內(nèi)容可知，“it”指代的是對藥物的研究，故答案為B。 3. Which of the opinions is NOT the opinion of the supporters? A The pill can erase all the memories of the past B Some memories can ruin people’s lives. The pill can relieve emotional suffering. C The pill can also help many other types of people who suffer from terrible memories. D The pill can prevent or treat troubling memories in soldiers after war. 答案解析：答案為A。 本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。由第四段 “Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers' troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.” 和第五段 “Some memories can ruin people's lives . They come back to you when you don't want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions,” 可知，B、C、D選項(xiàng)是支持者的意見。 A選項(xiàng) “藥物可以抹去所有過去的回憶”表達(dá)有誤。故答案為A。 4. Which of the opinion is not the opinion of the opponents? A Our memories give us our identity. B The memories help human avoid mistakes of the past. C The drug should be used in only very serious cases. D People may not be sure whether they want to wipe the memories out. 答案解析：答案為C。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。由第六、七段可知，A、B、D選項(xiàng)都是反對者的意見。由最后一段首句 “ Some people fear that although the drug would first be uesed in only very serious cases…”可知，C選項(xiàng)是文中的一個(gè)事實(shí)，不是反對者的意見，故答案為C。 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 With the possible exception of equal rights, perhaps the most heated argument across the United States today is the death penalty (死刑). Many argue that it is an effective deterrent (威懾) to murder, while others think there is no enough proof that the death penalty reduces the number of murders. The argument advanced by those opposed （反對） to the death penalty is that it is cruel and inhuman punishment, that it is tile mark of a bad society and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime (罪行) anyway. In our opinion, the death penalty is a necessary action. Throughout recorded history there have always been those peculiar persons in every society who made terrible crimes such as murder. But some are more dangerous than others. For example, it is one thing to take the life of another in time of blind anger, but quite another to coldly plan and carry out the murder of one or more people in the style of a butcher. Thus, murder, like all other crimes, is a matter of different degree. While it could be argued with some reason that the criminal in the first instance should be merely kept from society, such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer. The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to discussion. But the majority of people believe that the death penalty protects them. Their belief is proved by the fact that the death penalty prevents murder. For example, from 1954 to 1963, when the death penalty was carried out from time to time in California, the murder rate remained between three and four murders for each 100, 000 population. Since 1964 the death penalty has been done only once, and the murder rate has risen to10.4 murders for each 100, 000 population. The sharp climb in the state's murder rate, which began when killings stopped, does not happen by chance. It certainly shows that the death penalty does deter many murderers. If the law about death penalty is vetoed (否決), some people will be murdered- some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect. This is really a life or death matter. The lives of thousands of people must be protected. 1. The main purpose of this passage is to _____. A. speak for the majority??? B. support a veto C. speak ill of the government??? D. argue for the value of the death penalty 答案解析：答案為D。本題為文章的主旨大意題。由第一段的 “Many argue that …, while others think ...”和最后一段的首句 “The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to discussion.”可知，本文討論死刑的價(jià)值。 2. Which of the following is among the heated arguments across the USA besides death penalty? A. Air pollution. B. The war against Iraq. C. Equal rights. D. Election of president. 答案解析：答案為C。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。從第一段的首句 “With the possible exception of equal rights, perhaps the most heated argument across the United States today is the death penalty (死刑).”可知，除了人權(quán)問題，在美國討論最熱烈的問題是死刑。 3. The numbers in the last paragraph show that ______. A. if they stick to death penalty, the number of murders will be reduced B. death penalty almost stopped from 1954 to 1963 C. the population of California has risen D. death penalty is of little value 答案解析：答案為A。本題為推理題。從最后一段的第二句 “But the majority of people believe that the death penalty protects them.” 和最后三句 “If the law about death penalty is vetoed (否決), some people will be murdered- some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect. This is really a life or death matter. The lives of thousands of people must be protected.”都是在強(qiáng)調(diào)死刑可以保護(hù)人的生命，故答案為A, 如果國家堅(jiān)持死刑，謀殺案件的數(shù)目會減少。 由本段的第四句話 “For example, from 1954 to 1963, when the death penalty was carried out from time to time in California…” 可知，1954年到1963年期間，死刑時(shí)不時(shí)地在California執(zhí)行，并不是廢除了，故選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)在文中未提及，D選項(xiàng)與本段的中心意思違背。 4. It can be inferred that the writer thinks that ______. A. the death penalty is the most important problem in the United States today B. the second type of murderers (in Paragraph 4) should be sentenced to death C. the veto of the law about death penalty is of little importance D. the value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime is not to be discussed 答案解析：答案為B。本題為推理題。細(xì)讀第四段， 由“it is one thing … blind anger, but quite another to coldly plan …in the style of a butcher. Thus, murder… is a matter of different degree. While it could be argued with some reason that the criminal in the first instance should be merely kept from society, such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer.”可知，作者認(rèn)為謀殺分為 “blind anger （盲目的憤怒）” 和 “coldly plan …in the style of a butcher （冷酷的屠夫式的謀殺），謀殺的程度不一樣，如果是第一種就僅僅讓謀殺者與社會隔離即可，而不是后一種謀殺者的命運(yùn)，言外之意就是后一種謀殺應(yīng)該判死刑。故答案為B。 結(jié)合前面幾題的分析，第一段作者認(rèn)為除了人權(quán)問題，在美國討論最熱烈的問題是死刑。故選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤。從最后一段倒數(shù)第三句話 “If the law about death penalty is vetoed, some people will be murdered- some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect.” 可知，如果死刑被否決，一些本可以挽救的生命就會被謀殺，可見死刑的否決對保護(hù)人的生命有著重要的意義，C選項(xiàng)的意思與此相反，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)與最后一段的首句 “The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to discussion.” 表達(dá)相反，故錯(cuò)誤。 閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Maggie was very glad that James was not a frequent visitor to the house. So far as the children were concerned, they had a mystery about him that stirred their imagination. He stirred Maggie’s anger, however, so that she often said to her husband, “It’s mercy that brother of yours doesn’t come often.” In fact James came once a year, unexpectedly, around eight o’clock in the evening, and he stayed for six hours of close discussion with his brother. His arrival was a signal to the children that their bedtime would be delayed. Not that he ever spoke to them or played with them. He took no notice of them, as if he was unable to see children, at least until the time came for him to go. Instead, after his first greeting and a careless kiss, James took no notice of Maggie either, except to add, “You’ll be getting on with the supper, Maggie.” Such was his regard for her. Maggie paid him back in her own way. She kept the children up, the four of them, to keep her company, she said, but of course they sang and made a noise and broke the endless sound of James’s voice. Very late, they dropped off to sleep in their chairs. Then, when James was about to go, Maggie woke them up and so more or less forced him to part with four shillings before he left. That gave her some satisfaction, for James, though rich, was mean. He always went home by the last train, just after two o’clock. Maggie’s children secretly stared at their uncle. They could not forget that he had, in their mother’s words, “l(fā)ost two wives and taken a third, ” They wondered about those two unfortunate lost ladies. They asked each other what their fate had been, and if neither could ever be found again. James never brought his third wife with him nor ever mentioned her. The children decided that he must be so frightened of losing her that he never allowed her outside the door. 1. The underlined word “mercy” in the text most probably means _______. A. loss??????????????????????????????? B. wonder C. lucky thing????????????????????? D. terrible thing 答案解析：答案為C。本題為詞義猜測題。由第一段的內(nèi)容可知，Maggie非常高興James不常來她家，James的到來只會讓Maggie生氣，于是她對她丈夫說：“你的弟弟不常來真是一件不錯(cuò)的事情?！?故 “mercy” 意思就是 “l(fā)ucky thing(幸運(yùn)事)”。故答案為C。 2. Maggie never prepared anything special for James because _______. A. he was a man difficult to please B. she never knew when he was coming C. she was too busy looking after her children D. he never stayed long enough for a meal 答案解析：答案為B。本題為推理題。文中雖沒有提及Maggie從不為James 準(zhǔn)備特別的東西，但是可以根據(jù)文中第二段首句 “In fact James came once a year, unexpectedly, around eight o’clock in the evening…” 推斷，James一年只來一次，而且是沒有預(yù)料地到來，所以Maggie從不為James 準(zhǔn)備特別的東西。故答案為B。 3. What do we know about James’ behavior? A. He was a kind man, with love for the family. B. He was generous, especially towards his brother. C. He was anxious to please the family, especially the kids. D. He was rude to his sister-in-law. 答案解析：答案為D。本題為推理題。由第二段后面的內(nèi)容 “Instead, after his first greeting and a careless kiss, James took no notice of Maggie either, except to add, “You’ll be getting on with the supper, Maggie.” Such was his regard for her.” 可知James 不注意Maggie，除了說一句問候的話，可以推斷，他對他的嫂子非常粗魯，故答案為D。 4. Maggie felt pleased when _______. A. she paid James the money that she owed him B. James gave some money to the children C. she had to wake James up to catch his train D. James thanked her for the nice supper 答案解析：答案為B。本題為細(xì)節(jié)推理題。由第三段 “Then, when James was about to go, Maggie woke them up and so more or less forced him to part with four shillings before he left. That gave her some satisfaction, for James, though rich, was mean.”可知，當(dāng)James要離開的時(shí)候，Maggie把孩子們喚醒，或多或少地逼James給四個(gè)先令的錢孩子們，這才讓她感到些許滿意，因?yàn)镴ames雖然有錢但是非常小氣。 故答案為B。 5. The children did not realize that two of James’ wives _______. A. had been dead??????????????????????? B. suffered from loss of memory C. had run away from him?????????? D. might appear again one day 答案解析：答案為A。本題為細(xì)節(jié)推理題。由最后一段 “Maggie’s children secretly stared at their uncle. They could not forget that he had, in their mother’s words, “l(fā)ost two wives and taken a third, ” They wondered about those two unfortunate lost ladies. They asked each other what their fate had been, and if neither could ever be found again.” 可知，Maggie對孩子們說James失去了兩位妻子，又娶了第三個(gè)，但是孩子們卻想知道那兩位不幸的妻子，他們彼此討論兩位妻子的命運(yùn)是怎樣的，是不是都找不到了。可以推斷，孩子們并不知道James的兩位妻子已經(jīng)死去。故答案為A。 10