高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀理解訓(xùn)練[打包8套]31.zip
高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀理解訓(xùn)練[打包8套]31.zip,打包8套,高考,英語,一輪,復(fù)習(xí),閱讀,理解,訓(xùn)練,打包,31
湖北安陸市2017高考英語閱讀理解暑假自練
.閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個選項 (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項。
【2014·江西省南昌兩校高三上學(xué)期第四次聯(lián)考】
The American newspaper publisher Arthur Sulzberger Sr died at the age of 86.Mr Sulzberger led The New York Times for more than three decades,before passing the business to his son.He took over the paper in 1963 when it was in financial trouble,and transformed it into the heart of a multi-billion dollar media empire.
His family announced he had died at his home in Southampton,New York State,after a long illness.His son,Arthur Sulzberger Jr,said in a statement that his father,whom he referred to by his childhood nickname of Punch,was “one of our industry’s most admired executives”.“Punch,the old Marine captain who never backed down from a fight,was an absolutely fierce defender of the freedom of the press,” he said.
The New York Times was bought by Mr Sulzberger Sr’s grandfather Adolph Ochs in 1896.During Mr Sulzberger’s tenure,The New York Times won 31 Pulitzer prizes.
Born in New York City,5 February 1926,Sr served in Marine Corps during World War Ⅱ and Korean War,joined The New York Times in 1951 after graduating from Columbia College,took over as publisher in 1963 after his brother-in-law died suddenly,stepped down in 1997 and passed stewardship to his son,Arthur Sulzberger Jr.
He oversaw a huge circulation boost at the paper,and increased its parent company’s annual revenues (年收入) from $100m in 1963 to $1.7bn by the time he stepped down in 1997.He also led the paper through high-level clashes with the political establishment.In 1971,The Times published a series of stories saying that politicians had systematically lied over the US involvement in Vietnam.The source was thousands of leaked government documents known as the Pentagon Papers.The Nixon administration demanded that the paper stop publishing the stories on grounds of national security.But the paper refused,and then won the subsequent court case by arguing that the First Amendment of the US Constitution (憲法) guaranteed free speech.The case is seen as a landmark in the history of free speech in the US.Mr Sulzberger said he read more than 7,000 pages of the Pentagon Papers before personally deciding to publish them.
His family still holds a controlling stake (控股權(quán)) in The New York Times.He was a strong believer in family ownership of newspapers.He once joked:“My conclusion is simple.Nepotism works.”
1.When did Arthur Sulzberger Sr die?
A.In 1997. B.In 2012.
C.In 1963. D.In 1971.
2.Punch,the old Marine captain was actually________.
A.Arthur Sulzberger Jr
B.Adolph Ochs
C.Arthur Sutzberger Sr’s father
D.Arthur Sulzberger Sr
3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Arthur Sulzberger Sr took over The New York Times from his brother-in-law.
B.Arthur Sulzberger Jr’s grandfather bought The New York Times.
C.Arthur Sulzberger Sr resigned when The New York Times was in financial trouble.
D.Arthur Sulzberger Jr took over The New York Times after graduating from Columbia College.
4.In the political case in the 1970s,Mr Sulzberger________.
A.failed the case in the end
B.lost the controlling stake in The New York Times
C.gave in to the government
D. succeeded in guarding free speech of the paper
5.What does the underlined word “Nepotism” probably refer to?
A.Friendship. B.Politics.
C.Family ownership D.Freedom of speech.
語篇解讀 本文介紹了《紐約時報》前總裁Arthur Sulzberger Sr的生平。
1.解析: 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“Arthur Sulzberger Sr died at the age of 86” 和第四段第一句中的“Born in New York City,5 February 1926”可知,他出生于1926年,去世時86歲,由此可知他在2012年去世。
答案: B
2.解析: 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“His son,Arthur Sulzberger Jr,said in a statement that his father,whom he referred to by his childhood nickname of Punch,was ‘one of our industry’s most admired executives’”.可知Punch,the old Marine captain指Arthur Sulzberger Sr。
答案: D
3.解析: 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Sr served in Marine Corps...took over as publisher in 1963 after his brother-in-law died suddenly”可知,A項正確。B項中的“Arthur Sulzberger Jr’s grandfather”錯誤;根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知C項錯誤;根據(jù)第四段可知D項錯誤。
答案: A
4.解析: 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“national security.But the paper refused,and then won the subsequent court case”可知,D項符合題意。
答案: D
5.解析: 考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)畫線詞前面的“He was a strong believer in family ownership of newspapers.”可推測,畫線詞指的應(yīng)是family ownership。
答案:C。
閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。
Recognized as the largest desert in the world, the Sahara runs across North Africa, Covering over 3 million square miles from the Atlantic Coast to the Nile River Valley. Except for an occasional oasis(綠洲), this vast land is mainly made up of sand, stones, and worn out mountains. The burning sun causes daytime temperatures to rise to 70 degrees in the shade, and days without rain commonly last for years.
Paintings found on the walls of caves in the Sahara Desert suggest that a few thousand years ago, large quantities of plants grew there and covered the desert floor. Many curious and unusual insects, birds and animals got enough food that allowed them to grow and reproduce. At that time, huge river systems and many oases supported growing communities(社團,社區(qū)) where a large number of people lived.
Research scientists believe that the land became a desert for several reasons. For centuries people there have wandered from place to place in search of food, water and grazing(吃草)land for their animals. These people have always considered the number of animals they have as a sign of wealth. It is considered more important to have 100 sick and starving animals than 15 healthy ones. The large herds (群)have been allowed to go freely and graze on desert plants and grass. Over time, large sections of land have been left uncovered. In addition to allowing overgrazing, these people cut down whatever trees they could find and used them for firewood. The sand was unable to hold on to the great heat of the day, so nightting temperatures often drop below freezing and nothing was left to hold the soil together.
Scientists have been studying different ways to bring back the green desert. Through research and experiments, they hope to be able to produce plants that will once again support the life there. Huge holes filled with much water lie under the desert surface. Scientists believe this rainwater simply flew down through the sand over hundreds of years and collected in the big, rocky holding tanks. By making use of the sun’s power, scientists in the Sahara have made experiments in which they got huge amount of electricity. This electricity was then used to operate drilling machines and pumps to pull the rainwater from the underground tanks. By drilling the hole one mile deep into the floor of the desert, one machine was able to recover more than 80 gallons of ice—cold water each second, or 288,000 gallons per hour.
Scientists have had some success turning this wasteland into useful farmland. Today the desert is dotted with huge wheat fields watered by a system of pipes that carry water from the underground tanks. Farmers have also learnt that plants grow better if seeds are planted next to stones. Studies show that stones provide protection from the sun, allowing seeds to grow in a shady and cool environment. In addition to that, greenhouses have been built to protect plants from the sunshine so that less water is needed. Another idea is to grow plants that can live on a diet of salt water, since the ocean is so near to the desert.
1. What will probably happen if the local people continue their customs and traditions?
A. The desert will continue to be enlarged.
B. Tourists will begin traveling to North Africa.
C. More oases will begin to appear across the desert.
D. The number of healthy animals will become larger.
答案解析:答案為A。本題為推理題。結(jié)合前三段可知,撒哈拉沙漠原本是綠洲,后由于人類過度放牧(overgrazing)、濫砍亂伐(these people cut down whatever trees they could find )導(dǎo)致了沙漠的形成和擴大,因此可以推斷,如果當(dāng)?shù)厝死^續(xù)沿襲他們的老傳統(tǒng),會導(dǎo)致沙漠繼續(xù)擴大。故答案為A。
2. Which of the flowing statements is a fact presented in the passage?
A. The desert is rich in beautiful color and scenery.
B. Camels can go for days without drinking any water.
C. The Sahara will one day become a beautiful garden.
D. Large river systems once supported many communities.
答案解析:答案為D。本題為推理題??忌杩辞孱}意,要求選擇與原文符合的事實。由第二段最后一句話 “At that time, huge river systems and many oases supported growing communities where a large number of people lived.”可知,答案為D。
由第一段 “Except for an occasional oasis, this vast land is mainly made up of sand, stones, and worn out mountains.”可知,A選項錯誤;B選項未提及;C選項也不是事實。故答案為D。
3. The author of the passage provides evidences (證據(jù))that scientists are .
A. pleased by the progress but do not have the money to continue
B. discouraged by the poor results of their experiments
C. hopeful about the chances of life coming back to the desert
D. troubled by the lack of water found underground
答案解析:答案為C。本題為推理題。由最后兩段可知,科學(xué)家一直在研究讓沙漠變綠洲的辦法,并且已經(jīng)付諸實踐,取得了一定的成效,故可推斷,科學(xué)家滿懷希望想使撒哈拉沙漠恢復(fù)生機。故答案為C。
4. Which of the following is the best summary of this passage?
A. Drilling machines help to water the desert floor and make plants and animals alive.
B.Scientists have been able to turn this large wasteland into a successful farming community.
C. So much soil has become sand that the desert will never be able to support life as it once did.
D. The desert no longer supports plenty of life, but researchers hope to change it with new scientific techniques.
答案解析:答案為D。本題為主旨大意題。本文揭示了撒哈拉沙漠形成的原因,重點是介紹科學(xué)家依靠科學(xué)技術(shù)試圖讓這片沙漠變成綠洲的方法。故答案為D。
【山東省濰坊市2014高考英語3月模擬試題】E
Researchers at the University of Kansas say that people can accurately juage 90 percent of a stranger's personality simply by looking at the person’s shoes.“Shoes convey useful information about their wearers,’’the authors wrote in the new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality.
Lead researcher Omri Gillath said the judgments were based on the style,cost,color and condition of someone’s shoes.In the study,63 University of Kansas researchers looked at pictures showing 208 different pairs of shoes worn by the study’s participants.Volunteers in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes,and then filled out a personality questionnaire.
Some of the results were expected:People with higher incomes most commonly wore expensive shoes,and flashier shoes were typically worn by outgoing people.However,some of the more specific results are strange enough.For example,“practical and functional’’ shoes were generally worn by more “pleasant" people,while ankle boots were more linked with ‘‘a(chǎn)ggressive’’ personalities.The strangest of all may be that those who wore‘ ‘uncomfortable looking” shoes tend to have “calm” personalities.And if you have several pairs of new shoes or take extreme care of them,you may suffer from “attachment anxiety",spending lots of time worrying about what other people think of your appearance.There was even a political calculation in the mix with more liberal(主張變革的)types wearing “shabbier and less expensive” shoes.
The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personalities,but researchers noted that volunteers were also likely to be unaware that their footwear choices were showing the deep side of their personalities.
【小題1】What does this text mainly tell us?
A.Shoes Call hide people’s real personalities.
B.Shoes convey false information about the wearer.
C.People’s personalities call be judged by their shoes.
D.People know little about their personalities.
【小題2】The participants were asked to
A.provide pictures of their shoes
B.look at pictures of different shoes
C.design a personality questionnaire
D.hand in their commonly worn shoes
【小題3】Which of the results is beyond people’s expectation?
A.Wealthy people often wear expensive shoes.
B.Pleasant people like wearing uncomfortable shoes.
C.Aggressive people are likely to wear"ankle boots.
D.Fashion shoes are typically worn by outgoing people.
【小題4】People suffering from“attachment anxiety” tend to
A.wear strange shoes B.worry about their appearance
C.have a calm character D.become a political leader
【小題5】The author wrote the text in order to
A.inform us of a new study B.introduce a research method
C.teach how to choose shoes D.describe different personalitie
考點:考查科學(xué)調(diào)查類短文閱讀。
閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。
Explaining China’s peaceful growth to the American politicians and public will top President Hu Jintao’s agenda when he visits the United States from September 5 to 8.
“ This will be conductive to the development of Sino—US relations and China’s relationships with the rest of the world.” He Yafei, director of the Department of North American Affairs, said at a news briefing yesterday.
It will be Hu’s first State visit to the US after he became president in 2003. He will meet US President George W.Bush and legislators in Washington DC and business people in Seattle, and deliver a speech at Yale University in New Haven. Also on the list of areas of concern for Hu and Bush may be trade, Taiwan, energy and nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula.
China’s favorable balance of trade with the US derives from different economic structures in the two countries. The two economies supplement and benefit each other instead of competing, and the US should loosen its grip over its exports, especially high-tech products, to China, he said.
After his US trip, President Hu will travel to Canada and Mexico from September 8 to 13, and back to New York on September 14 to attend the World Summit and other activities in celebration of the 60th anniversary of the United Nations.
Hu will wrap up his tour on September 16 at the UN in a show China’s support for the world body and multilateralism.
At yesterday’s news briefing, he also disclosed that the fourth round of Six—Party Talks on Korean Peninsula Nuclear issue will be resumed in the week of September 12.
1. The underlined word “wrap up” can be taken place by .
A. complete B. go on C. start D. do secretly
答案解析:答案為A。本題為詞義推斷題。由 “wrap up”上一段 “…attend the World Summit and other activities in celebration of the 60th anniversary of the United Nations.”可知,President Hu已經(jīng)參加完UN的60周年慶祝活動,故答案為A。
2. President Hu Jintao may came home after .
A. September 8th B. September 14th
C. September 16th D. September 13th
答案解析:答案為C。本題為推理題。最后一項活動的結(jié)束日期出現(xiàn)在倒數(shù)第二段 “Hu will wrap up his tour on September 16 at the UN in a show China’s support for the world body and multilateralism.” 故可推斷,President Hu Jintao 回家應(yīng)該是9月16日以后。
3. Which of the following is Not true?
A. The visit to the US starts on September 5
B. Hu and Bush may talk about Taiwan’s trade and energy.
C. The economy of the two countries should supplement and benefit each other.
D. Korean penninsula nuclear issue is another important problem the two presidents may talk about
答案解析:答案為B。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。由第一段 “…when he visits the United States from September 5 to 8.” 可知,A選項正確。由第三段最后一句話 “Also on the list of areas of concern for Hu and Bush may be trade, Taiwan, energy and nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula.”可知,Hu 和 Bush之間討論的問題有貿(mào)易,臺灣問題,能源和朝鮮核問題。故B選項表達(dá)錯誤,D選項正確。由第四段 “The two economies supplement and benefit each other instead of competing…”可知,D選項正確。故答案為B。
4. The best title of this passage is .
A. Itinerary for President Hu Jintao’s US visit
B. Meeting in the US
C. The Relationship between China and the US
D. The Problem between China and the US
答案解析:答案為A。本題考查文章的標(biāo)題。全文都是在介紹President Hu Jintao的出國訪問行程,故答案為A。
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