高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀能力暑假訓(xùn)練[打包8套]1.zip

高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀能力暑假訓(xùn)練[打包8套]1.zip,打包8套,高考,英語,一輪,復(fù)習(xí),閱讀,能力,暑假,訓(xùn)練,打包 河南嵩縣2017高考英語閱讀能力暑假訓(xùn)練 【2015高考復(fù)習(xí)】完形填空 This was an unforgettable and wonderful experience.It happened about three years ago and it has had a__16__effect on me.I would like to show respect here for the two men I do not know __17__ but whose actions gave a new __18__ to the words—kind and generous. I was walking down a busy street on a cold，windy day in early __19__.A homeless man，probably about 60 and without wearing any shoes，was __20__ for change on a street corner. A BMW car __21__ on the other side of the street and an executive(主管)who was perfectly dressed stepped out of the car.He was probably about __22__ years old.He was wearing a blue business suit with a deep red silk tie.He walked__23__ across the street and over to the homeless man.Without saying anything，he first gave him a lot of __24__ and then he sat down and took off his leather gloves(手套)，beautiful black leather shoes and his black dress socks.Then he __25__ them to the homeless man.The homeless man took them and stared with a/an __26__ mouth. As he drove off，I couldn't __27__ thinking that it was probably the first time he had __28__ the pedal(踏板)of that top-brand BMW car with a __29__ foot！I stood there and the looks of __30__ appeared on my face and the homeless man's. Two men of about the same age __31__ very different lives had met and the one who was __32__ in materials had offered __33__ than his shoes.He had left this BMW car and __34__ down from his high position.He lifted up the other man when he offered respect，__35__and real generosity. 【語篇解讀】 本文為記敘文。作者使用了倒敘的方法，記述了一個難忘且感人的故事。一位開寶馬的富人慷慨地幫助了一位無家可歸的同齡人，在幫助他的同時，又給了他充分的尊重，本故事再次詮釋了慷慨和愛心的含義。 16．A.strong B．bad C．light D．slow 答案　A　[從下文那感人的故事可以看出：這件事對我影響很大。have a strong effect on...對……有很大影響。] 17．A.officially B．personally C．similarly D．generally 答案　B　[從下文可以推出：我本人(personally)不認識他們。] 18．A.benefit B．a(chǎn)ttitude C．meaning D．a(chǎn)ward 答案　C　[作者認為：他們的行為賦予了善良和慷慨這兩個詞新的含義。A： 利益；B：態(tài)度；C：意義；D：獎品，獎金，獎。] 19．A.spring B．summer C．a(chǎn)utumn D．winter 答案　D　[根據(jù)本句的“on a cold，windy day”及第三段的“his leather gloves” 可推知故事發(fā)生在初冬。] 20．A.searching B．making C．blaming D．begging 答案　D　[一位無家可歸的大約60歲的老人，光著腳，正在街角乞討。search for尋找，搜尋；make for走向；blame for該受責(zé)備，應(yīng)負責(zé)；beg for乞求， 乞討。] 21．A.called up B．broke up C．pulled up D．sped up 答案　C　[一輛寶馬停在了街邊。call up打電話給……，召集，使想起；break up打碎，解散，(關(guān)系等)破裂；pull up(車)停下；speed up加速。] 22．A.40 B．50 C．60 D．70 答案　C　[由最后一段第一句中的“the same age”及第二段第二句中的“about 60”可知答案為C項。] 23．A.directly B．usually C．unwillingly D．fluently 答案　A　[那個人穿過大街徑直向那乞討的老人走去。A.徑直地；B.時常； C.不愿意地；D.流利地。] 24．A.money B．water C．sand D．oil 答案　A　[由第二段最后一句中的“was begging for change”可知老人要零 錢，所以開寶馬的老人給他許多錢。] 25．A.posted B．handed C．kicked D．threw 答案　B　[因為乞討的老人就在身邊，開寶馬的老人又很尊重他，所以選 hand“遞過去”。A.郵寄；B.遞；C.踢；D.扔。] 26．A.closed B．full C．open D．empty 答案　C　[一個沿街乞討的老人收到如此的恩惠，只能是眼睛瞪得大大的， 張著嘴，看著對方。A.閉著的；B.滿著的；C.張著的；D.空的。] 27．A.stand B．delay C．forget D．help 答案　D　[couldn't help doing意為“禁不住地做某事”。句意：我情不自禁地 想……。A.忍受；B.推遲；C.忘記。] 28．A.bended B．cut C．repaired D．pressed 答案　D　[因為鞋和襪子都已經(jīng)送人了，所以這也許是他第一次光著(bare) 腳踩汽車的踏板。A.彎曲；B.砍，劈開；C.修理；D.按，壓。] 29．A.relaxed B．large C．bare D．single 答案　C　[因為鞋和襪子都已經(jīng)送人了，所以只能是光著(bare)腳開寶馬。 A.放松的；B.大的；C.光著的；D.單一的。] 30．A.excitement B．a(chǎn)stonishment C．sadness D．pride 答案　B　[句意：面對此情此景，我和乞討老人都很吃驚(astonishment)。A. 激動；B.吃驚；C.悲傷；D.驕傲。] 31．A.but B．or C．a(chǎn)nd D．before 答案　A　[由文意：兩位老人年齡相同，但生活是明顯的不一樣。] 32．A.successful B．careful C．useful D．helpful 答案　A　[開寶馬的老人在物質(zhì)方面是成功的。careful小心的；useful有用 的；helpful有幫助的，均與文意不符。] 33．A.rather B．more C．other D．better 答案　B　[句意：在物質(zhì)上非常成功的那位老人不僅僅是給了對方一雙鞋。 言外之意，他還給對方其他東西，下文介紹了他還給了對方以尊重。rather than 而不是；more than多于，超出，不止，不僅僅；other than除了……之外； better than比……好。] 34．A.broken B．fell C．stepped D．rolled 答案　C　[句意：老人從寶馬車里出來，并放下(step down)自己高高在上的 身份，幫助需要幫助的人。] 35．A.surprise B．disappointment C．a(chǎn)nxiety D．kindness 答案　D　[當(dāng)開寶馬的老人主動給予尊重、仁慈和真正的慷慨時，他也扶起 了另一個人。] 閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 At the age of ten I could not figure out what this Elvis Presley guy had that the rest of us boys did not have. I mean, he had a head, two arms and two legs, just like the rest of us. About nine o’clock on Saturday morning I decided to ask Eugene Correthers, one of the older boys, what it was that made this Elvis guy so special. He told me that it was Elvis’ wavy hair and the way he moved his body. 　About half an hour later all the boys in the orphanage（孤兒院）were called to the main dining-room and told we were all going to downtown Jacksonville, Florida to get a new pair of Buster Brown shoes and a hair cut.That is when I got this big idea, which hit me like a ton of bricks.If the Elvis hair cut was the big secret, then that’s what I was going to get. 　　 All the way to town I told everybody, including the matron（女管家）from the orphanage who was taking us to town, that I was going to look just like Elvis Presley and that I would learn to move around just like he did and that I would be rich and famous one day, just like him. 　　 When I got my new Buster Brown shoes, I could hardly wait for my new hair cut and now that I had my new Buster Brown shoes I would be very happy to go back to the orphanage and practice being like Elvis. 　　 We finally arrived at the big barber shop, where they cut our hair for free because we were orphans（孤兒). I looked at the barber and said, “I want an Elvis hair cut. Can you make my hair like Elvis?” I asked him, with a big smile on my face. “Let’s just see what we can do for you, little man,” he said. I was so happy when he started to cut my hair. Just as he started to cut my hair, the matron signed for him to come over to where she was standing. She whispered something into his ear and then he shook his head, like he was telling her “No”. Then he told me they were not allowed to give us Elvis hair cuts. Then I saw my hair falling onto the floor. 1.In the author’s eyes, Elvis Presley was _________. 　A. disgusting　　　B. admirable　　　C. ambitious　　　D. dynamic　 2. From the passage, we can know that _________. 　A. Buster Brown was more appealing than Elvis Presley 　B. An Elvis hair cut cost the orphans a lot of money 　C. The author was fascinated with the stars Buster and Elvis 　D. The barber was unwilling to give the boy an Elvis hair cut 3. We can learn from the underlined sentence that the boy was _________. 　A. excited to have an Elvis hair cut B. worried to think about the secret 　C. anxious to remove the ton of bricks D. careful to seize the chance 4. How would the boy probably feel when he walked out of the barber shop? 　A. Delighted.　　　 B. Guilty.　　 C. Self-satisfied.　　 D. Depressed. 【參考答案】1—4、BCAD　　 閱讀理解(每題2分，滿分8分) 選材相似度：★★★★ 設(shè)題相似度：★★★ 難度系數(shù)：★★★★ Despite the popularity of school spelling competitions，adults in the US performed poorly in a survey comparing how English speakers on both sides of the Atlantic deal with commonly misspelt words. Sixty-two percent of Americans got “embarrassed” wrong，against 54 percent of Britons who struggled with the word in a survey last year.Adults in the US performed less well on most of the ten words tested，including millennium (52 percent wrong，against 43 percent in the UK)，liaison (61 percent to 54 percent) and “accommodation” (42 percent to 36 percent )．Only “definitely” and “friend” were spelt correctly by more Americans. Jack Bovill of the Spelling Society，which sponsored (發(fā)起) the research，said the high inaccuracy rates in both countries showed the need for the English spelling system to be modernized.“When asked，only a quarter of adults thought they had a problem with spelling.The answers in the test prove that this_is_far_from_the_case，” he said.“What is holding the UK and the USA back is the irregular spelling system.” Professor Edward Baranowski，one academic consultant for the project，said，“We have different spellings for the same sound，and a system which reflects how English was spoken in the 13th to 15th centuries，not how it is spoken today.So many sound changes have occurred in the language，which is not reflected in modern spelling，that we are left with a ‘fossilized (僵化的)’ system.” The study found that 40 percent of the respondents would support updating words that caused problems while 16 percent opposed the idea.And 31 percent said it didn't matter. The US survey involving a sample of 1,000 adults was carried out online by Ipsos MORI last month，with the method based on a survey of 1,000 Britons in April last year. 【語篇解讀】 一項調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，美國人在單詞拼寫方面不如英國人。 1．The underlined word “inaccuracy” in Paragraph 3 can best be replaced by ________. A．success B．error C．correctness D．growth 答案　B　[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本句的“showed the need for the English spelling system to be modernized”，聯(lián)系第二段英美成年人較高的拼寫錯誤率，可知inaccuracy可用error來代替，都是“錯誤”的意思。] 2．The underlined part “this is far from the case” in Paragraph 3 implies that ________. A．most of the Americans can spell correctly B．there are more people having spelling problems C．a(chǎn)dults perform worse in spelling than kids D．it is difficult to create a new spelling system 答案　B　[推理判斷題。聯(lián)系上一句“When asked，only a quarter of adults thought they had a problem with spelling”可知，Bovill是想說，這項研究表明，實際上很多人都存在拼寫問題。] 3．Professor Baranowski seems to agree that ________. A．spelling should represent the sound of words B．we should learn how English was spoken centuries ago C．different countries should have different spellings D．sound changes have nothing to do with spelling 答案　A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Baranowski所說的話可知，他認為拼寫應(yīng)該表現(xiàn)單詞的發(fā)音。represent意為“表現(xiàn)”，reflect意為“反映”，此處兩者含義一致。] 4．What would be the most suitable title of the passage? A．Who is responsible for our spelling B．The English language to be blamed C．Americans embarrassed by their spellings D．Words needed to be modernized 答案　C　[主旨大意題。C項標題一語雙關(guān)，embarrassd一詞既表明了美國人拼寫的尷尬現(xiàn)狀，又涉及了拼寫調(diào)查的部分內(nèi)容。] 閱讀理解(每題2分，滿分8分) (2012·廣東卷)“Have a nice day！” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression.When my friend Maxie says “Have a nice day” with a smile，I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me.I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well. “Have a nice day.Next！” This version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door.The words come out in the same tone (腔調(diào)) with a fixed procedure.They_are_spoken_at_me，not to me.Obviously，the concern for my day and everyone else's is the management's attempt to increase business. The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other.Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting.As soon as you hear it，you know the meeting is at an end.Sometimes the expression saves us when we don't know what to say.“Oh，you just had a tooth out？I'm terribly sorry，but have a nice day.” The expression can be pleasant.If a stranger says “Have a nice day” to you，you may find it heart-warming because someone you don't know has tried to be nice to you. Although the use of the expression is an insincere，meaningless social custom at times，there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting.The salesgirl，the waitress，the teacher，and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day.But in a strange and comfortable way，it's nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don't care all that much.While the expression may not often be sincere，it is always spoken.The point is that people say it all the time when they like. 【語篇解讀】 本文論述了“Have a nice day”在不同的場合的不同含義。 1．How does the author understand Maxie's words? A．Maxie shows her anxiety to the author. B．Maxie really wishes the author a good day. C．Maxie encourages the author to stay happy. D．Maxie really worries about the author's security. 答案　B　[考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知，作者認為當(dāng)她的朋友Maxie對她說“Have a nice day”時，Maxie是真心地祝愿作者有美好的一天。] 2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean? A．The salesgirl is rude. B．The salesgirl is bored. C．The salesgirl cares about me. D．The salesgirl says the words as a routine. 答案　D　[考查句意理解。根據(jù)畫線部分的上下文內(nèi)容可推知，售貨員用相同的腔調(diào)說這句話，這只是她為了增加業(yè)務(wù)的例行程序。] 3．By saying “Have a nice day，” a stranger may ________. A．try to be polite to you B．express respect to you C．give his blessing to you D．share his pleasure with you 答案　A　[考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“because someone you don't know has tried to be nice to you”可推知，當(dāng)陌生人對你說這句話時，他是為了讓你感覺他很友好。文中的“to be nice to you”與A項中的“to be polite to you”含義相同，故選A項。] 4．What is the best title of the passage? A．Have a Nice Day—a Social Custom B．Have a Nice Day—a Pleasant Gesture C．Have a Nice Day—a Heart-warming Greeting D．Have a Nice Day—a Polite Ending of a Conversation 答案　A　[考查主旨大意。本文講的是“Have a nice day”這句話在不同的場合的不同理解。再根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知，A項作為本文標題最合適，其他三項說法片面。] 8 河南嵩縣2017高考英語閱讀能力暑假訓(xùn)練 完形填空。 I’m sitting in a quiet room at the Millcroft Hotel，a peaceful place hidden back among pine trees about an hour out of Toronto. It’s just past noon，late July，and I’m__1__the desperate sounds of a life-or-death__2__going on a few feet away. There’s a small__3__burning out the last of its short life’s energies in a(an)__4__to fly through the glass of the window.__5__，it’s not working. The great effort offers no hope for survival. Ironically (諷刺地)，the struggle is part of the trap. It is__6__for the fly to try hard enough to succeed in__7__through the glass. This fly is doomed (注定失敗)．It will__8__there on the windowsill. Across the room，ten steps__9__，the door is open. Ten seconds of flying time and this small creature could reach the outside world it__10__.With only a small effort now being__11__，it could be free of this self-set__12__.The breakthrough possibility is there. It would be so__13__. Why doesn’t the fly try another approach，__14__dramatically different？How did it get so locked in on the idea__15__this particular route and determined effort offer the most promise for success? No doubt this way makes__16__to the fly.Regrettably，it’s an idea that will kill it. Trying harder isn’t necessarily the solution__17__achieving more. It may not offer any real__18__for getting what you want out of life. Sometimes，in fact，it’s a big part of the problem. If you__19__your hopes for a breakthrough on trying harder than ever，you may__20__your chances for success. 【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了“我”在旅館里看到一只蒼蠅不停地試圖穿過玻璃飛出去，這無疑是在自殺。它完全可以從旁邊開著的門飛走?！拔摇睆倪@件事得到啟發(fā)：人們在遇到困難的時候，不應(yīng)冒昧地嘗試，應(yīng)該有所突破，才有機會獲得成功。 1.A.seeing　　 B．crying out C．watching　　 D．listening to 解析　句意為：我聽到了絕望的聲音。listen to“聽到”。A、B、C三項均沒有“聽到”的意思。 答案　D 2．A. struggle　　 B．cry C．yell　　 D．test 解析　struggle意為“掙扎，斗爭”；cry意為“哭，喊叫”；yell意為“叫喊”；test意為“測試”。由第二段第四句中“the struggle is part of trap”的提示可知，此處應(yīng)選用struggle。 答案　A 3．A. bird　　 B．fly C．insect　　 D．worm 解析　bird意為“鳥”；fly意為“蒼蠅”；insect意為“昆蟲”；worm意為“爬蟲”。由第二段第五句中的“the fly to try hard enough to succeed in...”可知，B項正確。 答案　B 4．A. experience　　 B．direction C．force　　 D．a(chǎn)ttempt 解析　experience意為“經(jīng)驗，經(jīng)歷”；direction意為“方向”；force意為“武力”；attempt意為“嘗試”。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，蒼蠅正在嘗試穿過玻璃飛出去。 答案　D 5．A. Thus　　 B．So C．Although　　 D．However 解析　thus意為“因而”；so意為“所以”；although意為“雖然”；however意為“然而”。句意為：雖然蒼蠅不斷地嘗試穿過玻璃窗，然而并不奏效。前后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 答案　D 6．A. unusual　　 B．likely C．impossible　　 D．common 解析　unusual“不同尋常的”；likely“可能的”；impossible“不可能的”；common“尋常的”。由常識可知，蒼蠅是不可能成功穿過玻璃飛出去的。 答案　C 7．A. digging　　 B．breaking C．pushing　　 D．jumping 解析　dig“挖掘”；break“打破”；push“推”；jump“跳”。短語break through意為“突破，沖破”，符合語境。 答案　B 8．A. kill　　 B．die C．lie　　 D．stick 解析　kill“殺死”；die“死”；lie“撒謊，躺”；stick“粘貼”。由常識判斷，如果蒼蠅不斷地撞擊玻璃，就會死在那里。 答案　B 9．A. away　　 B．far C．near　　 D．distant 解析　away“距離……遠”；far“遠的”；near“近的”；distant“遠的”。away用在名詞后，表示距離某地有多遠，符合語境。 答案　A 10．A. dreams　　 B．thinks of C．misses　　 D．longs for 解析　dream“夢想”；think of“考慮”；miss“懷念，錯過”；long for“渴望”。句意為：只需十秒鐘的飛行，這只蒼蠅就能飛到外面它所渴望的世界。 答案　D 11．A. done　　 B．owned C．wasted　　 D．planned 解析　do“做，完成”；own“擁有”；waste“浪費”；plan“計劃”。根據(jù)語境可知，它之前的努力都白費了，故C項符合語境。 答案　C 12．A. aim　　 B．trap C．net　　 D．goal 解析　aim“目的，目標”；trap“陷阱”；net“網(wǎng)”；goal“目的”。由第二段第四句中的“the struggle is part of the trap”可知，trap符合語境，即自我設(shè)置的陷阱。 答案　B 13．A. easy　　 B．necessary C．hard　　 D．obvious 解析　easy“輕松的，容易的”；necessary“必要的”；hard“艱難的”；obvious“明顯的”。句意為：突破的可能性就在那里，是那么簡單。 答案　A 14．A. attempt　　 B．a(chǎn)nything C．struggle　　 D．something 解析　something“某事，某物”，常用于肯定句；anything“任何事物”，常用于否定句和疑問句。在表示請求、建議或征求意見的疑問句中常用something。 答案　D 15．A. that　　 B．what C．which　　 D．where 解析　that可引導(dǎo)定語從句，也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句；what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句；which引導(dǎo)形容詞性從句；where可引導(dǎo)定語從句和狀語從句。從句中不缺任何成分，且句中先行詞是idea，所以其后要用that來引導(dǎo)同位語從句，對idea進行補充說明。 答案　A 16．A. sense　　 B．difference C．effect　　 D．effort 解析　sense“感覺，意識”，常和make構(gòu)成短語，make sense意為“有意義”；difference“區(qū)別，不同”；effect“影響”；effort“努力”。句意為：毫無疑問，這種方法對這只蒼蠅來說是有意義的。 答案　A 17．A. of　　 B．from C．off　　 D．to 解析　在solution的后面常跟to表示的不定式，是固定搭配。意為“解析法”。 答案　D 18．A. advice　　 B．support C．hope　　 D．power 解析　advice“建議”；support“支持，支撐”；hope“希望”；power“力量”。此處與最后一段中的“If you_______ _your hopes for a．..”相照應(yīng)，故用hope符合語境。 答案　C 19．A. risk　　 B．get C．make　　 D．take 解析　risk“冒險，冒……的風(fēng)險”；get“獲得”；make“制作”；take“帶走”。句意為：如果你冒險把你的希望放在比以往更艱難的突破上，你就可能有扼殺成功的機會。 答案　A 20．A. fail　　 B．kill C．a(chǎn)chieve　　 D．fulfill 解析　fail“失敗”；kill“殺死”；achieve“獲得，達到”；fulfill“執(zhí)行，履行”由語境可知，此處應(yīng)用kill。 答案　B 2016高考訓(xùn)練題。閱讀理解。 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。 ??? Music?lessons?in?early?childhood?bring?about?changes?in?the?brain?that??could?improve?its?performance?far?into?adulthood,?researchers?say. Brain?scans?of?young?adults?showed?those?who?had?formal?musical?training?before?seven? had?thicker?brain?areas?dealing?with?hearing?and?self-awareness?.The?findings?note?how?brain?development?can?be?influenced?by?the?age?when?children?start?to?learn?a?musical?instrument?,?and?how?those?changes?can?continue?into?later?life. ?? "Early?musical?training?benefits?kids?more?than?just?making?them?enjoy?music.?It?changes ?the?brain,?which?could?bring?about?cognitive?advances?as?well,"?said?Yunxin?Wang?of?Beijing?Normal?University. “Our results suggest it’s better to start musical training before seven, which agrees with what most piano teachers recommend,” she added. She hoped the results might help parents decide when was the best for their children to learn an instrument. The brain’s cortex(皮層) plays a leading role in one’s abilities, from thought and language to memory and attention. The area matures rapidly in the early years of life, and its development could be affected more if a person starts musical training before it fully matures. Wang studied 48 Chinese students aged between 19 and 21 who had received formal music training for at least a year sometime between the ages of 3 and 15. Each had a scan to measure the thickness of the brain’s cortex. After considering sex and the number of years spent having music lessons, Wang found that musical training that started before seven appeared to thicken areas of the brain involved in language skills and executive function, which is a person’s ability to plan and accomplish tasks. “We’re not sure why these changes occur, but a reasonable explanation is that early starters might depend more on hearing clues(線索) when learning music, since it might be more difficult for younger children to read music,” Wang said. 1. According to the researchers, musical training before the age of seven can _______________. A. contribute to future work. B. create a successful life C. develop all-round abilities D. deal with puzzling problem 2. When conducting the research with the students, Wang __________. A. tested their language abilities B. watched their musical performances C. focused on school behavior and achievements D. measured the thickness of the brain’s cortex 3. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _____________. A. it must be hard for kids to read music B. kids are more likely to learn music by hearing C. Wang’s explanation has been the most reasonable D. Wang will research into the reasons for the brain change 4. For what purpose does the author write the text? A. To describe the development of brain. B. To challenge the previous discoveries. C. To present the findings of the research. D. To give advice on how to learn music. 參考答案1—4、ADBC 閱讀理解 Technology has been an encouragement of historical change. It acted as such a force in England beginning in the eighteenth century, and across the entire Western World in the nineteenth. Rapid advances were made in the use of scientific findings in the manufacture (制造) of goods, which has changed ideas about work. One of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power. Along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time. People also developed machines that could produce the same parts for a product: each nail was exactly like every other nail, meaning that each nail could be changed for every other nail. This means that goods could be mass production, although mass production required breaking production down into smaller and smaller tasks. Workers no longer started on the product and labored to complete it. Instead, they might work only one thousandth of it, other workers completing their own parts in certain order. There is nothing strange about this manufacturing work by today's standards. Highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the new production techniques, as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand. But the skilled worker wasn't the only loser, the common workers lost too. Similar changes forced farmer away. The increased mechanization (機械化) of agriculture freed masses of workers from ploughing the land and harvesting its crops. They had little choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers. Increasingly, standards were set by machines. Workers no longer owned their own tools, their skill was no longer valued, and pride in their work was no longer possible. Workers fed, looked after and repaired the machines that could work faster than humans at greatly reduced cost. 1. In this passage, which of the following is NOT considered as a change caused by the use of scientific findings in the production of goods? A. Other forms of energy have taken the place of human power. B. The increased exploitation of workers in the 19th century. C. The increased use of machines to make products in less time. D. The use of machines producing parts of the same standard. 答案解析：答案為B。本題為細節(jié)題。從文章的第一段 “One of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power. Along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time. People also developed machines that could produce the same parts for a product:” 可知，A、C、D都在文中提到了。故答案為B。 2. According to the writer, highly skilled workers ______ A. completely disappeared with the coming of the factory system B. were dismissed by the boss C. were unable to produce goods of high standard D. were unable to produce fine goods at that same speed as machines 答案解析：答案為D。本題為細節(jié)題。從文章第二段 “Highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the new production techniques, as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand.” 可知，機器批量生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品標準高，數(shù)量多，這是手工生產(chǎn)無法匹敵的。故答案為D。 3. According to the passage, what did the farmers have to do with the coming of mechanization of agriculture? A. Many of them had to leave their farmland for industrial centers. B. They stuck to their farm work. C. They refused to use machines. D They did their best to learn how to use the machines. 答案解析：答案為A。本題為細節(jié)題。從第二段的倒數(shù)第四句話 “They had little choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers.” 可知，答案為A。 8